Lecture I: INTRODUCTION
I. LEXICOLOGY
+ (Gr. 'lexis' = word +'logos'= learning )
- a science / study which deals with words, morphemes and word groups.
- a science which studies and describes systematically the vocabulary of a given language.
+ consists of 5 essential branches :
1. Word structure and formation
2. Semiology (semantic structure of a word)
3. Phraseology (set expressions, word combinations, idioms, proverbs, etc.).
4. Etymology (history and origin of words)
5. Lexicography (dictionary compiling)
+ Considered from different angles, it falls into:
1. General lexicology
2. Special lexicology
3. Historical lexicology (diachronic aspect)
4. Descriptive lexicology (synchronic aspect)
II. LEXICOLOGY IN RELATION TO
+ phonology (stress and juncture; phoneme and morpheme; homonyms)
+ grammar(gram.meaning+lexical meaning; gram.functions, word structure + formation)
+ stylistics (stylistic aspect, synonyms, antonyms)
III. SOME NOTIONS
+ Paradigm and syntagm
- Paradigm - ordered series of forms / comparable elements at a particular place in the structure. They are formed by means of inflections / endings.
student go
students goes
student's went
students' gone
- Syntagm - word / phrase forming a syntactic unit or elements forming serial structures at a given level in a linear stretch of writing.
SVA Mary is in the garden.
SVC Mary is kind.
SVO Mary has got a new bicycle.
SVOA Mary put the place on the table.
SVOC John thought Mary exceptionally clever.
SVOO Mary gave me expensive presents.
SV(A) Mary laughed (heartily).
Lecture II: WORD STRUCTURE AND FORMATION
I. Word structure
+ Word: an independent language unit which has both sound and spelling forms and is capable to form a sentence by itself.
+ Morphemes:- occur in speech as parts of words, not independently, although a word may consist of a single morpheme.
