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Sigmund Freud

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Votes 1
Parts 1
Time 3h 55m

Reads 126
Votes 1
Parts 1
Time 3h 55m

Sách của Sigmund Freud
1. Ego and Id
Về quyển sách này

Năm 1920, trong Beyond the Pleasure Principle (Vượt ngoài nguyên tắc Lạc thú), Freud đi đến phát triển những gì thành ra được gọi là "lý thuyết cơ cấu" về não thức. Lý thuyết này nhận diện hai xung lực cơ bản, libido hay xung lực Sống, đây là bản năng sinh tồn, và xung lực Chết, bản năng hủy hoại; hai xung lực này vật lộn với nhau để dành phần thắng trong mỗi chúng ta. 

Lý thuyết này cũng cho thấy ba cơ cấu trung tâm của não thức: Id, ego và super-ego, cả ba ít nhất cũng có phần nằm trong vô thức. Ba năm sau, trong tập sách này, Freud giải quyết những nội dung quan trọng của những khái niệm này. The Ego and the Id  phải được xem là công trình đáng kể nhất của Freud những năm về sau trong đời ông. Mặc dù hoàn toàn lý thuyết, nhưng Freud, qua lời nói đầu của chính ông, bảo nó là "gần với khoa phân tâm học", nghĩa là gần với những kinh nghiệm trị liệu, hơn là những gì viết trước nó vào những năm 1920.

Cũng đáng ghi nhận là ông đã có thể lấy nhan đề của tập sách là The Ego, the Id, and the Super-ego, vì ông cũng cho nhiều chi tiết về Super-ego. Nhưng trung tâm bàn luận của ông thực ra là Ego, ông xem nó vật vã với ba sức mạnh: Id và Super-ego bên trong, và thế giới bên ngoài. Freud không hoàn toàn đi đến kết luận về những câu hỏi về sức mạnh của những cơ cấu này - phần lớn công việc đó và những nội dung liên hệ với chúng được những nhà lý thuyết đi sau ông như Heinz Hartmann, Ernst Kris, và Rudolph Loeweinstein giải quyết - nhưng trong tập sách này, Freud xem ego như một người kỵ mã, người ấy đi đến những chỗ nào All Rights Reserved

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Ego and Id
Sat, Oct 21, 2017

1 part

Ego and Id
Sat, Oct 21, 2017

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