Turner Syndrome - The Basics What is Turner syndrome? Turner syndrome (TS) is a chromosomal condition that describes girls and women with common features that are caused by complete or partial absence of the second sex chromosome. The syndrome is named after Dr. Henry Turner, who was among the first to describe its features in the 1930's. TS occurs in approximately 1 of 2,000 female's born and in as many as 10% of all miscarriages.All Rights Reserved