Invention - Duncan MacPhun - Wattpad

Invention

Reads 101
Votes 34
Parts 21
Time 1h 36m

Reads 101
Votes 34
Parts 21
Time 1h 36m

In 1885 a Pennsylvanian oil field produced 77 % of the world's oil supply.

By 1889, J.Maxwell's equations for electro-magnetism and H.R. Hertz's, proof inspired Einstein's theory of relativity.

By 1841, W.Talbot and J. Herschel had fixed photographic images on silver iodide coated paper.

Kodachrome film captured red, green, and blue colours in three layers of emulsion in 1936. 

J.M. Spangler developed the first successful portable 'Electric Suction Sweeper' in 1908.

In 1851, I. Singer added a foot treadle drive to his sewing machines and, by 1900, a shirt could be made in one hour.

In 1885, John Starley and William Sutton invented the modern safety bicycle.  

S. Morse sent his first telegraph message in 1844 and 32 years later, Alexander Graham Bell made the first long-distance telephone call.

The rotary Strowger switch allowed connections without an operator in 1891.  Banks of these later provided 13,200 voice channels on one coaxial cable.

Marconi's spark gap radio of 1896 was crucial during the 1912 Titanic disaster. 



WHO THE HELL ARE WE? is a series of short books and videos describing the evolution of civilization.  

Almost everyone on the planet is five times wealthier than their ancestors only 50 years ago.  This astonishing phenomenon has also improved health, education, and longevity.  The cause; an explosive growth in ideas and productivity.

It began when we learned to control fire, evolved articulate speech and stumbled onto the way to create infinite wealth; free trade.  The discovery of agriculture made us richer but we also learned  how to destroy wealth.  Great civilization grew up but then disappeared leaving only incredible ruins and ideas.

Later books detail some of the ideas and developments that increased the average life span from about 40 years to more than 80 and the average world income from less than $3 to more than $33 per person per day (and to $140 per day in some countries).All Rights Reserved

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Atoms & Light by duncmacphun

In 1657, Otto von Guericke pumped the air from two hemispheres and eight horses could not pull them apart. Amontons found a volume of air shrank as the temperature fell and realized that it would become zero. In 1774, Joseph Priestley isolated oxygen while Lavoisier released hydrogen and burned this with oxygen to make water. In 1832, Michael Faraday built the first electric motor and generator. John Newlands noticed similar chemical properties in a list of elements demonstrating the existence of unknown elements. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek invented a microscope with 300 times magnification allowing him to see bacteria, spermatozoa and red blood cells. In 1605, Kepler concluded that all the planets moved in elliptical orbits with the sun at one focus of the ellipse. Galileo reported that the orbital periods of Jupiter's moons permitted accurate determination of longitude on Earth. Newton and Leibniz independently invented calculus, used extensively in mathematics, science, engineering and economics. WHO THE HELL ARE WE? is a series of short books and videos describing the evolution of civilization. Almost everyone on the planet is five times wealthier than their ancestors only 50 years ago. This astonishing phenomenon has also improved health, education, and longevity. The cause; an explosive growth in ideas and productivity. It began when we learned to control fire, evolved articulate speech and stumbled onto the way to create infinite wealth; free trade. The discovery of agriculture made us richer but we also learned how to destroy wealth. Great civilization grew up but then disappeared leaving only incredible ruins and ideas. Later books detail some of the ideas and developments that increased the average life span from about 40 years to more than 80 and the average world income from less than $3 to more than $33 per person per day (and to $140 per day in some countries).

Our Sea by duncmacphun

The arms race began in Mesopotamia with the invention of composite bows, light chariots and crossbows. The Persian (Iranian) emperor tried to conquer Athens in 480 BCE but was delayed by the Spartans at Thermopylae while Greek warships destroyed the Persian fleet. The Macedonian ruler, Alexander the Great, completely destroyed the Persian armies by 326 BCE and established the Greek empire. Then, between 600 and 200 BCE, a few hundred Greeks revolutionized science, mathematics, medicine, engineering, history, law and philosophy. Meanwhile, Greeks settlers in Sicily were in conflict with Rome and, by first century BCE, Romans had conquered Greece, Egypt, Carthage and the old Persian empire. Roman traders made large profits using the Silk Road between Rome, China and India and which created higher incomes though out the Roman empire. Roman engineers built more than 80,000 km of roads throughout the empire and 800 km of aqueducts in Rome delivered a million cubic metres of water each day. WHO THE HELL ARE WE? is a series of short books and videos describing the evolution of civilization. Almost everyone on the planet is five times wealthier than their ancestors only 50 years ago. This astonishing phenomenon has also improved health, education, and longevity. The cause; an explosive growth in ideas and productivity. It began when we learned to control fire, evolved articulate speech and stumbled onto the way to create infinite wealth; free trade. The discovery of agriculture made us richer but we also learned how to destroy wealth. Great civilization grew up but then disappeared leaving only incredible ruins and ideas. Later books detail some of the ideas and developments that increased the average life span from about 40 years to more than 80 and the average world income from less than $3 to more than $33 per person per day (and to $140 per day in some countries).

Nuclear by duncmacphun

H.Becquerel found uranium emitted radiation and, in1898, M.Curie extracted minute traces of radium from ore. J.Maxwell predicted electro-magnetic radiation in 1855 and Einstein formulated special relativity; mass could be converted into energy. In 1905, E.Rutherford found radon gas emitted helium nuclei. In 1919, F.Aston identified 212 naturally occurring isotopes. But why was the atomic weight of helium exactly 4.000 and not 4.032? In 1925, Rutherford transmuted nitrogen into an isotope of oxygen. By 1934, J.Chadwick had found neutrons emitted by polonium and E.Fermi had transmuted uranium into plutonium. Fermi's research reactor went critical in 1942. The 235-uranium was extracted at Oak Ridge, while plutonium was produced in Washington state and the first atom bomb exploded in New Mexico in 1945. Two more atom bombs destroyed Hiroshima and Nagasaki, ending the war with Japan. The first practical nuclear power plant was developed for submarines and, by 2021, 442 fission reactors supplied about 10% of the world's electricity. WHO THE HELL ARE WE? is a series of short books and videos describing the evolution of civilization. Almost everyone on the planet is five times wealthier than their ancestors only 50 years ago. This astonishing phenomenon has also improved health, education, and longevity. The cause; an explosive growth in ideas and productivity. It began when we learned to control fire, evolved articulate speech and stumbled onto the way to create infinite wealth; free trade. The discovery of agriculture made us richer but we also learned how to destroy wealth. Great civilization grew up but then disappeared leaving only incredible ruins and ideas. Later books detail some of the ideas and developments that increased the average life span from about 40 years to more than 80 and the average world income from less than $3 to more than $33 per person per day (and to $140 per day in some countries).

Neolithic by duncmacphun

The first agricultural revolutions began about 10,000 BCE in Egypt, China and Mesopotamia (Iraq). Trading require counting and the first written language; in general use by 2600 BCE. The first epic poem, Gilgamesh, was written in cuneiform. The first alphabet assigned Semitic characters to Egyptian hieroglyphs about 2000 BCE. It was adopted by the Greeks about 800 BCE and later modified for the Roman Latin alphabet. The Chinese built the first blast furnaces (using piston-bellows driven by waterwheels) and cast iron farm tools and weapons were common by 500 BCE. Austronesians sailed outrigger canoes over 6,000 kilometers from Taiwan to reach New Zealand from about 3000 BCE. About 100 BCE the Malays of Indonesia traded between China, India and Africa in sailing ships carrying 1000 people and a 260 ton cargo. The Greek navigator, Pytheas, sailed to the north Atlantic about 325 BCE where he recorded polar ice, the Midnight Sun and lunar tides. The Roman Prefect of Egypt (26-24 BCE), Aelius Gallus, noted 120 trading ships leaving Myos Hormos for India. WHO THE HELL ARE WE? is a series of short books and videos describing the evolution of civilization. Almost everyone on the planet is five times wealthier than their ancestors only 50 years ago. This astonishing phenomenon has also improved health, education, and longevity. The cause; an explosive growth in ideas and productivity. It began when we learned to control fire, evolved articulate speech and stumbled onto the way to create infinite wealth; free trade. The discovery of agriculture made us richer but we also learned how to destroy wealth. Great civilization grew up but then disappeared leaving only incredible ruins and ideas. Later books detail some of the ideas and developments that increased the average life span from about 40 years to more than 80 and the average world income from less than $3 to more than $33 per person per day (and to $140 per day in some countries).

(Mature) 𝚃𝚘 𝙱𝚎 𝙻𝚘𝚟𝚎𝚍 𝙻𝚘𝚞𝚍𝚕𝚢 (mxm) by Bubblegum_NickNelson

( MATURE READERS ONLY) He scoffed, "No idea what you're talking about..." I snickered and lifted my head up narrowing my eyes at him, "What do you want?" He grinned triumphantly, He was very light weight as he sat ontop of me. I restrained well though, as long as he didn't start moving a lot and sat in just one place, i was able to restrain. "I wanna give you a hickie" he said not looking at me and instead around the room. I looked at him , not expecting that. "That's what you want for your reward?" I asked surprised. He looked shocked and leaned in closer again, his head tilted as his lips weren't far from mine. "Why.. does that mean I can have something else?" he asked softly. . Indigo Jude (24) Every boyfriend Indigo has ever had, refuses to take him serious. Indigo has 2 months left on his timer. Micah Hartford (24) Micah is engaged to Seth, thank god. Micah has 10 months left on his timer. Lyric Flynn (24) Lyric doesn't even know what the hell he wants. Lyric has 3 months left on his timer. If you don't marry someone by 25, you have to die. You have up until the Last 24hrs of the last day before your 25th birthday , to find Your someone. And I mean your actual true love, by the way. The timer knows if you try to deceive it, And you will die. I've seen it before, it's not pretty. What's the timer? You get a self timer that's slapped on your wrist from the Second you are born. Making sure you remember. That you're accounted for. The only way to stop it? Find your person. Asap. Because once the timer runs out, you're gone. It's simple, really. . This timer is a twin to your soul mates timer. You're genetically matched based on the time of your birth. It's just on you to find the other. . . Can each find true love before the time is up? Or will they all die trying?

Slamming Locker Doors (emo quartet high school Au) by panicatmyemoromance

[COMPLETE] You know that time in your life that feels so amazing you never want to let it go, at least, it feels that way after it's over? You never realized how much those memories no matter how small or seemingly insignificant seem until they're over, and all you have left are the fading memories of what once was, of the people who meant so much to you. It makes you think about life and the impact each moment and each person has on you, doesn't it? My name is London Urie and I want to tell you the story of my good old days, the ones that I wished I knew were the good old days before they were gone. I want to recount to you the best year of my life, relive the moments with favorite people, people that after that year seemed to grow apart, so that maybe I can relive those moments and go back so that maybe, just maybe, the memories won't fade completely. *This is an emo quartet high school AU. The main character will not form a romantic relationship with any of the band members, but will be closer to some then others. *The age differences are inaccurate. I had to change them for the sake of the story. *All credit for the cover picture goes to the artist who made it. I don't know who they are .I found it on google. *Contains strong language

Combustion by duncmacphun

N.Otto was selling 634, 3 hp piston engines a year by 1875 and, between 1908 and 1927, Ford sold over 4 million Model T automobiles. In 1903 the Wright Brother's engine produced 1 horsepower for each 17 pounds of engine weight. In 1943, the Rolls-Royce Merlin aero engine developed 2,000 hp; 1.2 hp for each pound. W.von Braun developed the V-2 long-range rocket used in 1943. Also during World War 2, A.Franz, mass-produced the Jumo 004 turbojet for German aircraft. In 1945, the V-1 cruise missile was powered by a pulsejet engine with virtually no moving parts. The Lockheed "Blackbird" was the fastest manned ramjet; capable of Mach 2 to 4 supersonic speeds. On October 4, 1957 the satellite Sputnik 1 proved that the Soviets were capable of reaching any point in the USA with nuclear weapons. The Syncom 3 communication satellite was placed in geostationary orbits over the Pacific on August 19, 1964. In July 1969 N.Armstrong and B.Aldrin landed a Lunar Module on the moon. WHO THE HELL ARE WE? is a series of short books and videos describing the evolution of civilization. Almost everyone on the planet is five times wealthier than their ancestors only 50 years ago. This astonishing phenomenon has also improved health, education, and longevity. The cause; an explosive growth in ideas and productivity. It began when we learned to control fire, evolved articulate speech and stumbled onto the way to create infinite wealth; free trade. The discovery of agriculture made us richer but we also learned how to destroy wealth. Great civilization grew up but then disappeared leaving only incredible ruins and ideas. Later books detail some of the ideas and developments that increased the average life span from about 40 years to more than 80 and the average world income from less than $3 to more than $33 per person per day (and to $140 per day in some countries).

Flight by duncmacphun

The Orville and Wilbur Wright flew under power in 1903. The first flight travelled only 120 feet but Wilbur flew 24.5 miles in 38 minutes in August 1904. More powerful aircraft engines were developed during WW-1 but airframes were too fragile for aerial fighting. H.Focke's transverse twin-rotor helicopter, broke all helicopter world records in 1937. After WW-1, designers used duralumin airframes and smaller, monoplane wings for fighter aircraft like the Supermarine Spitfire. At Midway, in 1942, American dive-bombers sank three of the four Japanese aircraft carriers. I.Sikorsky developed the first practical single rotor helicopter with a single tail boom rotor and produced over 400 helicopters in WW-2. The Messerschmitt Me 262 was the first jet fighter in action in 1944. For maximum efficiency most jet aircraft need to cruise at about Mach 0.8 (610 mph) and at altitudes above 30,000 ft. In 2021, with battery powered, contra-rotating propellers spinning at 2500 rpm, NASA's Dragonfly helicopter lifted off from the surface of Mars. It weighed only 2 pound. WHO THE HELL ARE WE? is a series of short books and videos describing the evolution of civilization. Almost everyone on the planet is five times wealthier than their ancestors only 50 years ago. This astonishing phenomenon has also improved health, education, and longevity. The cause; an explosive growth in ideas and productivity. It began when we learned to control fire, evolved articulate speech and stumbled onto the way to create infinite wealth; free trade. The discovery of agriculture made us richer but we also learned how to destroy wealth. Great civilization grew up but then disappeared leaving only incredible ruins and ideas. Later books detail some of the ideas and developments that increased the average life span from about 40 years to more than 80 and the average world income from less than $3 to more than $33 per person per day (and to $140 per day in some countries).

Everyones Obsessed* by Cie1_5

The past carries an unjust history. Immoral actions mark the present. The future holds untold consequences. Bad things happen to good people, and good people do bad things. | | || ||| ||||| |||||||| ||||||||||||| You, of all people, should understand the obsession. Whether it's the endless hours lost to a screen, the compulsion to scroll through forums, the need for that next high, the haunting grip of past trauma, the fixation on someone unattainable, the pursuit of a fleeting feeling, or even the inexplicable attachment to something as simple as frogs-obsession has woven itself into every corner of your life. •__ •_ •• •_• •_• • •••• / ••_ • •_• I have done terrible things because I let obsession take over me. It wasn't always that way. It started as a lie; it became true one day. I told myself I was in control and could stop anytime, but I only lied to myself. I was powerless. I never wanted to hurt anyone; I hurt him and myself. Now, I'm left with the wreckage of my choices. I wonder if there's any way to get things back to how they were before. Xgbs bqf zpv patfttfc xisg? To us, they are just another random person: the letters carved on the table, the artist of old graffiti, the person who also walked into the restroom, the reason the trash is full, or the garbage thrower on the side of the streets. But to them, they're the main fucking character in their own story, and each mark, item, digital trace, and photo they have makes a fragment of their existence. We may never know their face or name, but the traces they left remind us that everyone's lives intersect, creating a vast web of connections; unnoticed or not, they are never truly invisible. Dy32Al43Dy44|Dy11Al99Dy33|Dy44Dy87Dy22|Dy01Dy87|Dy87Al11Dy01Dy33Dy01Dy01Dy33Al21|Dy32Dy55Al01Al43|Dy21Al99Dy11Dy21Dy65Dy55Al77Dy43|Dy21Dy87Al21Dy33Dy01/

𝖵𝖮𝖶 𝖮𝖥 𝖲𝖴𝖱𝖵𝖨𝖵𝖠𝖫 || вєℓℓαму вℓαкє by svzmqwp

𝗖𝗢𝗥𝗔 𝗠𝗨𝗥𝗣𝗛𝗬, 𝚝𝚑𝚎 𝚋𝚎𝚝𝚝𝚎𝚛 𝚕𝚘𝚘𝚔𝚒𝚗𝚐 𝚝𝚠𝚒𝚗 𝚘𝚏 𝙹𝚘𝚑𝚗 𝙼𝚞𝚛𝚙𝚑𝚢, 𝚌𝚕𝚊𝚜𝚑𝚎𝚜 𝚠𝚒𝚝𝚑 𝗕𝗘𝗟𝗟𝗔𝗠𝗬 𝗕𝗟𝗔𝗞𝗘 𝚠𝚑𝚎𝚗 𝚝𝚑𝚎 𝚘𝚗𝚎 𝚑𝚞𝚗𝚍𝚛𝚎𝚍 𝚊𝚛𝚎 𝚜𝚎𝚗𝚝 𝚝𝚘 𝙴𝚊𝚛𝚝𝚑. 𝚃𝚑𝚎𝚒𝚛 𝚛𝚒𝚟𝚊𝚕𝚛𝚢 𝚜𝚙𝚊𝚛𝚔𝚜 𝚊 𝚝𝚎𝚗𝚜𝚎 𝚊𝚗𝚍 𝚎𝚟𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚏𝚞𝚕 𝚓𝚘𝚞𝚛𝚗𝚎𝚢 𝚊𝚜 𝙲𝚘𝚛𝚊 𝚛𝚒𝚜𝚎𝚜 𝚝𝚘 𝚋𝚎𝚌𝚘𝚖𝚎 𝚊 𝚜𝚝𝚊𝚒𝚗 𝚒𝚗 𝚑𝚒𝚜𝚝𝚘𝚛𝚢. 𝙰𝚖𝚒𝚍 𝚋𝚊𝚝𝚝𝚕𝚎𝚜 𝚊𝚗𝚍 𝚋𝚎𝚝𝚛𝚊𝚢𝚊𝚕𝚜, 𝓽𝓱𝓮𝔂 𝚍𝚒𝚜𝚌𝚘𝚟𝚎𝚛 𝚝𝚑𝚊𝚝 𝚝𝚑𝚎 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 𝚋𝚎𝚝𝚠𝚎𝚎𝚗 ɦαƭε 𝚊𝚗𝚍 ℓσѵε 𝚒𝚜 𝚝𝚑𝚒𝚗𝚗𝚎𝚛 𝚝𝚑𝚊𝚗 𝚝𝚑𝚎𝚢 𝚎𝚟𝚎𝚛 𝚒𝚖𝚊𝚐𝚒𝚗𝚎𝚍.

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Slide 1 of 10

Atoms & Light cover

Neolithic cover

(Mature) 𝚃𝚘 𝙱𝚎 𝙻𝚘𝚟𝚎𝚍 𝙻𝚘𝚞𝚍𝚕𝚢 (mxm) cover

Slamming Locker Doors (emo quartet high school Au) cover

Combustion cover

Everyones Obsessed* cover

𝖵𝖮𝖶 𝖮𝖥 𝖲𝖴𝖱𝖵𝖨𝖵𝖠𝖫 || вєℓℓαму вℓαкє cover

Atoms & Light

In 1657, Otto von Guericke pumped the air from two hemispheres and eight horses could not pull them apart. Amontons found a volume of air shrank as the temperature fell and realized that it would become zero. In 1774, Joseph Priestley isolated oxygen while Lavoisier released hydrogen and burned this with oxygen to make water. In 1832, Michael Faraday built the first electric motor and generator. John Newlands noticed similar chemical properties in a list of elements demonstrating the existence of unknown elements. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek invented a microscope with 300 times magnification allowing him to see bacteria, spermatozoa and red blood cells. In 1605, Kepler concluded that all the planets moved in elliptical orbits with the sun at one focus of the ellipse. Galileo reported that the orbital periods of Jupiter's moons permitted accurate determination of longitude on Earth. Newton and Leibniz independently invented calculus, used extensively in mathematics, science, engineering and economics. WHO THE HELL ARE WE? is a series of short books and videos describing the evolution of civilization. Almost everyone on the planet is five times wealthier than their ancestors only 50 years ago. This astonishing phenomenon has also improved health, education, and longevity. The cause; an explosive growth in ideas and productivity. It began when we learned to control fire, evolved articulate speech and stumbled onto the way to create infinite wealth; free trade. The discovery of agriculture made us richer but we also learned how to destroy wealth. Great civilization grew up but then disappeared leaving only incredible ruins and ideas. Later books detail some of the ideas and developments that increased the average life span from about 40 years to more than 80 and the average world income from less than $3 to more than $33 per person per day (and to $140 per day in some countries).