The Impact of Data Science on Astronomy

Data Science for Astronomy through Crowdsourcing
Another frequent application of data science in astronomy is crowdsourcing, combining the efforts of numerous "citizen scientists" to map the skies and analyze data at scale. Exoplanet Explorers, a project, used information from the NASA Kepler space observatory to find at least five exoplanets (outside our own solar system). It is the first multi-planet system that was entirely found through attempts at crowdsourced data analysis. Although the research initially indicated a four-planet system, additional data processing eventually found a fifth planet. In the crowdsourcing effort, more than 14,000 people took part, and they are still viewing and analyzing new data as it comes in.

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Learning More About Our Sun Through Data Science in Astronomy
The sun is arguably the planet's greatest potential energy source. Not only for solar power but also as a natural example of fusion energy, solar energy is a crucial part of efforts to promote sustainability and clean energy. However, the information that scientists are able to gather limits how much we can grasp. For instance, the horizontal mobility of solar plasma is far harder to see than the sun's temperature, and it contains the answer to many of the sun's secrets.

To address the issue, scientists from the US and Japan construct a neural network model to assess data from numerous simulations of plasma turbulence.