Pond preparation and management for Successful shrimp farming

Pond management means balancing production (anabolism) and decomposition (catabolism) processes. The aquatic environment provides food, space, shelter, and oxygen and it receives metabolites (faeces, ammonia gill excretion, CO2, etc.) from the farmed organisms, phytoplankton, zooplankton, benthos, and other microbial communities. Decomposing faeces consumes oxygen, while ammonia and nitrite, which are potentially toxic, are released.