Breeding strategies for vegetable improvement: An extensive analysis

In the face of a burgeoning global population, the imperative of ensuring food security looms large. This review critically examines the pivotal role of breeding strategies in enhancing crop yield, quality, and resilience, with a specific focus on vegetable improvement. Bridging the gap between traditional and modern methodologies, the study explores the historical successes of mass selection and crossbreeding, laying the groundwork for the transformative era ushered in by molecular breeding and genetic engineering. Biotechnology methods have additionally demonstrated to be insufficient to completely replace conventional breeding methods. Trait-specific breeding strategies are examined, emphasizing resilience to illness and abiotic stress, nutritional content, and post-harvest traits. This review analyzes the shortcomings of current breeding strategies, offering a realistic evaluation of the remaining challenges that must addressed overcome. It also discusses the possibility for breeding vegetables in the future, taking into account the need to address the consequences of climate change, incorporate new technology, and develop crops that can endure shifting environmental challenges. This review attempts to give a comprehensive picture of the state of vegetable improvement today and to direct future research efforts in the pursuit of sustainable vegetables production.