vitiligo

Vitiligo is a long-term skin condition that results in the loss of pigmentation in patches of skin. It can affect people of all ages, races, and genders, although its impact is often more noticeable in those with darker skin. Vitiligo is not a contagious or life-threatening disease, but it can lead to emotional distress and social challenges due to changes in appearance. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for vitiligo can help people manage the condition and improve their quality of life.
What is Vitiligo?
Vitiligo occurs when melanocytes, the cells responsible for producing melanin (the pigment that gives skin its color), are destroyed or stop functioning. This leads to the development of depigmented (lighter) patches of skin that can appear anywhere on the body, though they are most common on the face, hands, arms, and feet. The size, shape, and location of the patches can vary from person to person. Over time, new patches may appear, and existing patches may spread.
Causes of Vitiligo
The exact cause of vitiligo remains unknown, but it is generally believed to be related to autoimmune processes. In autoimmune diseases, the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells. In the case of vitiligo, the immune system attacks melanocytes, leading to the loss of pigmentation in the skin.