The Differences Between AAV, Adenovirus, and Lentivirus

https://www.hanbiology.com/blog/the-differences-between-aav-adenovirus-and-lentivirus.html

Difference Between AAV and Lentivirus, Difference Between Adenovirus and Adeno Associated Virus
Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) belongs to the Parvoviridae family and is a non-enveloped, single-stranded linear DNA virus. Due to its advantages such as a wide host range, high safety, low immunogenicity, stable expression, and stable physical characteristics, AAV has been widely used in basic research and clinical trials. Consequently, AAV vectors have become one of the most commonly used gene therapy vectors in the world.

Adenovirus (AdV) is a non-enveloped linear double-stranded DNA virus that is widely used in gene therapy and basic life science research. Current adenoviral vectors are primarily derived from human adenovirus type 5 (Ad5), which has a genome of approximately 36 kb of linear double-stranded DNA. Adenoviruses enter cells via receptor-mediated endocytosis using their fiber proteins and subsequently transfer from endosomes to the cytoplasm and nucleus, utilizing the cell's transcription and translation machinery to initiate viral replication and assembly.

Lentivirus vectors are gene therapy vectors developed based on HIV-1 (Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1). They have a broad infection spectrum, can effectively infect both dividing and non-dividing cells, and provide long-term stable expression of exogenous genes, making them a powerful tool for introducing foreign genes.