RDHNOUR

pathological fractures:
          	
          	1. osteopetrosis
          	- rare group of osteoclasts dysfunctional disorder
          	- no. of osteoclasts may be normal/increased/decreased but the problem lies within function of osteoclasts
          	- excessive bone deposition
          	
          	2. paget's disease
          	-  defect in osteoclasts function
          	- triggered by viral inclusion that resembles paramyxovirus
          	
          	3. osteogenesis imperfecta
          	- defect in type I collagen formation
          	- weak bone 
          	- dental abnormalities 
          	- blue sclera of the eye 
          	
          	4. osteoporesis
          	- reduction of total bone mass
          	- thin tuberculae causes weakness 
          	
          	5. osteomalacia 
          	= rickets (in children)
          	- vit D metabolism defect

RDHNOUR

6. avascular bone necrosis - perthes' disease, irregular new bone formation and bone fragmentation and flattening
• Reply

RDHNOUR

pathological fractures:
          
          1. osteopetrosis
          - rare group of osteoclasts dysfunctional disorder
          - no. of osteoclasts may be normal/increased/decreased but the problem lies within function of osteoclasts
          - excessive bone deposition
          
          2. paget's disease
          -  defect in osteoclasts function
          - triggered by viral inclusion that resembles paramyxovirus
          
          3. osteogenesis imperfecta
          - defect in type I collagen formation
          - weak bone 
          - dental abnormalities 
          - blue sclera of the eye 
          
          4. osteoporesis
          - reduction of total bone mass
          - thin tuberculae causes weakness 
          
          5. osteomalacia 
          = rickets (in children)
          - vit D metabolism defect

RDHNOUR

6. avascular bone necrosis - perthes' disease, irregular new bone formation and bone fragmentation and flattening
• Reply

RDHNOUR

abnormal bone healing (due to bone reabsorption, deposition and remodelling and failure of fusion between bones):
          1. Delayed union 
          - fractured bone failed to union within expected time
          - due to inadequate blood supply and low vitamin D
          2. Non-union
          - no sign of union aftern3-6 months
          - healing have ceased but fractured bones failed to unite
          - due to large gap between fractured bone and low blood supply
          3. malunion
          - union of bones occur in unsatisfactory position
          - due to excessive movement of fractured site and unhealthy lifestyle