Vitiligo skin disease, a persistent skin ailment, causes skin regions to lose their color, leaving behind white patches or depigmented spots. Skin disorder vitiligo occurs when melanocytes, which produce the pigment melanin that gives skin, hair, and eyes their colors, are destroyed or cease functioning. In contrast to the surrounding healthy skin, the affected portions of the skin appear lighter or entirely white.

The face, hands, feet, elbows, knees, and genital regions are the most common body regions affected by vitiligo, and can affect any part of the body. The extent and progression of the condition can vary widely among individuals. Vitiligo can occasionally remain stable and just affect a tiny patch of skin, while in others, it may spread and involve larger portions of the body over time.

Vitiligo Cause
Although the precise vitiligo cause is still not entirely understood, there are a number of theories and potential risk factors.

Autoimmune disorder. The immune system of the body incorrectly targets and kills the melanocytes, the cells that generate the melanin pigment, which imparts color to the skin, hair, and eyes.

Genetic. There is evidence to show that vitiligo may be influenced by hereditary factors. Those who have vitiligo in their family are more prone to develop the condition, and some genes have been identified as potential risk factors.

Environmental triggers: Environmental factors may trigger or exacerbate vitiligo in susceptible individuals. These triggers can include sunburns, exposure to certain chemicals, or traumatic events such as physical injury or emotional stress.

Neurogenic factors: Some studies propose that neurochemicals or neuropeptides released during stress or trauma may be toxic to melanocytes, leading to their destruction and the development of vitiligo.