THE BIG BANG THEORY

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The Big Bang theory is the prevailingcosmological model for the universe from theearliest known periods through its subsequent large-scale evolution. It states that the universe was in a very high density state and then expanded. If the known laws of physics are extrapolated beyond where they are valid there is asingularity. Modern measurements place this moment at approximately 13.8 billion years ago, which is thus considered the age of the universe.[6] After the initial expansion, the universe cooled sufficiently to allow the formation of subatomic particles, and later simple atoms. Giant clouds of these primordial elements later coalesced throughgravity to form stars and galaxies.

In the mid-20th century, three British astrophysicists, Stephen Hawking, George Ellis, and Roger Penrose turned their attention to the Theory of Relativity and its implications regarding our notions of time. In 1968 and 1970, they published papers in which they extended Einstein's Theory of General Relativity to include measurements of time and space.According to their calculations, time and space had a finite beginning that corresponded to the origin of matter and energy.

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