Cleavage as applied to embryo development ------ rapid cell division of a zygote with out cell growth
Blastula ------ Zygote w/ cell growth (100 divided cells)
Gastrula ------ cavity formed from blastula through gastrulization
ectoderm ------ germ layer covering the embryo surfaace
endoderm ------ inner most germ layer, digestive tissue
mesoderm ------ germ layer that forms skeletal, muscle, and circulatory system
hox genes ------ regulate body development (master switches
Choanoflagellate relation to animal ancestors ------ it is believed the ancestor of all nimal once resembled something similar to the jelly fish like creature
body plan ------ set of morphological developmental traits
radial symmetry vs bilateral ------ symmetric all the way, vs down the middle symmetry including dorsal ventral anterior posterial
tissue ------ collection of specialized cells that carry out similar function
diploblastic vs triploblastic ------ both have endo and ectoderm. triplo also has a mesoderm
coelom/coelomate ------ body cavity
pseudocoelom ------ ectoderm, mesoderm
acoelomate ------ shaped like a chocolate chip, three layers
4 characteristics that define an "animal" ------ heterotroph (nutrition); multicellular but no cell walls, collagan; sexual reproduction, diploid dominant;hox genes
3 Cambrain explosion hypothesis ------ new predator prey relationship; rise of oxygen; evolution of hox genes
bilateral animal characteristics (4) ------ true tissue; circulatory system;coelom; two cavities
function of a body cavity (2) ------ cushions organs; organ growth and independence
3 key evolutionary branch points in animal phylogeny ------ true tissues;body symmetry evolution; body cavity
anatomy vs physiology ------ biological form of an organism vs biological function an organism performs
cell>tissue>organ>organ system ------ small functioning organism>group of cells performing same function> group of tissue formed for one function> organs that work together to keep the body at homeostasis (nervous system)
thermo regulation ------ process by which animals maintain internal tempurature w in a tolerable range
how do single cell/ two cell thick organisms exchange materials with their environment ------ diffusion
how do multi cellular organisms exchange materials with their environment (3) ------ openings to environment;circulation; cellular exchange of gases nutrients wastes by diffusion
digestive system function ------ food processing
circulatory system function ------ internal distribution of materials
respiratory system function ------ gas exchange
immune system function ------ body defense
excretory system function ------ disposal of metabolic waste/ osmotic balance
endocrine system function ------ coordinates body activity (slow), chemical signal s through receptive cells through blood
nervous system function ------ coordinates body activity by stimuli detection and response (quick), through nuerons and muscle cells
