HIV/AIDS is what? Symptoms and Signs You Need to Know

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HIV/AIDS is what? Symptoms and Signs You Need to Know
Introduction

When it comes to serious health conditions, few carry as much weight as HIV and AIDS. Understanding the symptoms and signs of these conditions is not just essential for those who might be at risk, but for everyone. Early detection and treatment can significantly alter the course of the disease, making awareness a crucial first step. In this article, we'll dive deep into what HIV and AIDS are, their symptoms, how they progress, and why early detection is so vital.

What is HIV?

HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus, a virus that targets the immune system, specifically the CD4 cells, also known as T cells. These cells play a crucial role in protecting your body from infections. Over time, HIV can destroy so many of these cells that the body becomes unable to fight off infections and disease.

How HIV Affects the Body:

HIV operates by integrating itself into the DNA of the host's immune cells. As the virus replicates, it gradually weakens the immune system. Without treatment, this leads to progressively worsening immune function, making the body more susceptible to a wide range of infections and certain cancers.

What is AIDS?

AIDS stands for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. It represents the most advanced stage of HIV infection. AIDS is characterized by a severely weakened immune system, where the number of CD4 cells drops below a critical level, and/or the occurrence of specific illnesses linked to the disease.

The Progression from HIV to AIDS:

Not everyone with HIV will develop AIDS. With effective treatment, many people with HIV can live long, healthy lives without progressing to this stage. However, without treatment, HIV will almost inevitably lead to AIDS, often within 10 years of infection, depending on various factors including overall health and lifestyle.

How HIV is Transmitted

HIV is transmitted through contact with certain bodily fluids from an infected person. The most common routes include unprotected sexual contact, sharing needles, and from mother to child during childbirth or breastfeeding.

Common Modes of Transmission:Sexual contact (vaginal, anal, or oral sex without protection)Sharing needles or syringesBlood transfusions with contaminated blood (very rare in countries with rigorous blood screening)Mother-to-child transmission during birth or breastfeeding

Myths vs. Facts:
It's important to dispel myths about HIV transmission. You cannot get HIV from casual contact such as hugging, shaking hands, or sharing dishes. HIV is also not spread through air, water, or insect bites.

 HIV is also not spread through air, water, or insect bites

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