Symbol: Mg Atomic number: 12 Atomic mass: 24.305 u ± 0.0006 u Electron configuration: S1-2 S2-8, S3-2 Discovered: 1755 Melting point: 650 °C Discoverer: Joseph Black
Magnesium is a chemical element with symbol Mg and atomic number 12. It is a shiny grey solid which bears a close physical resemblance to the other five elements in the second column of the periodic table.
Magnesium is the ninth most abundant element in the universe. It is produced in large, ageing stars from the sequential addition of three helium nuclei to a carbon nucleus. When such stars explode as supernovas, much of the magnesium is expelled into the interstellar medium where it may recycle into new star systems. Magnesium is the eighth most abundant element in the Earth's crust and the fourth most common element in the Earth (after iron, oxygen and silicon), making up 13% of the planet's mass and a large fraction of the planet's mantle. It is the third most abundant element dissolved in seawater, after sodium and chlorine.
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