Thawra

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Who led the movement?

One of the major reasons why 2013's protests failed (Even though I do not consider it as a failure) is because there was no on- ground body to lead the movement. SPA didn't exist at that time. And because of that more than 200 people were killed within one week! However, In 2016 and when the Sudanese Doctors Association called for a national wide strike followed by a civil disobedience, an aura of revolution began to rise in people again, which facilitated the way for this revolution.
Two years later and on December 19th, 2018 news of protests in Atbara city, Eastern Sudan began to spread, followed by the burning of the National Congress Party (NCP) building in there. That was the beginning of this great revolution. Exactly six days later the first protests in Khartoum was held in Al-Souq Al-Arabi, Downtown Khartoum, it was lead by what is known as SPA (The Sudanese Professionals Association), SPA made a weekly schedule for the protests.
The Sudanese Professionals Association (SPA)is a part of FFC (Forces of Freedom and Change). FFC is a wide political coalition of civilian and rebel coalitions of Sudanese groups, including the Sudanese Professionals Association (SPA), the Sudan Revolutionary Front, the National Consensus Forces, Sudan Call, the Unionist Gathering, and the Sudanese resistance committees in neighborhoods.
Roles of FFC:
Ever since the beginning of the protests in the last month of 2018 and the first half of 2019, FFC supported the continuing mass protests, civil disobedience and national wide strike actions, and then on April 6, 2019 SPA and FFC called for a million march to the Military Head-Quarters (Alqiyada), which then turned into a sit-in.
When Al-Bashir declared a one year emergency state on the 22nd of January, FFC and SPA along with the other parties that signed on the FFC document didn't stop calling and gathering people for protests, in fact they continued to publish a weekly schedule for more protests and resistance moves.
The Declaration of Freedom and Change (DFC) issued a document on January 1st 2019 via the Sudanese Professionals Association social media accounts, the document stated that the following demands must be accomplished:
- The immediate end of Al-Bashir presidency.
- The formation of a transitional government of qualified
people who represent the various Sudanese racial and ethnic groups. Its role is to govern for 4 years until a second democratic structure is established.
- Putting an immediate end to the violence and repression of freedom the National Security and Intelligence Services NISS uses against the peaceful and unarmed protesters, and bringing the perpetrators of crimes against the Sudanese people since July 30th 1989 for fair trials.