道 教 入 门 知 识 问 答Taoist knowledge questions and answers

The origin and growth of Taoism

Third chapterThe origin and growth of Taoism 1. When did Taoism originate? Taoism is a religion born and bred in China. Because there are many folklore and myths in it, its origin cannot be accurately verified. But the earliest Taoist god is the Yuanshi Tianzun (the originator of Pangu, alias Yuanshi Tianwang) enshrined by Taoism. According to legend, when the entire universe is in chaos, he used his divine power to open up the world and create our world at this moment. Therefore, Pangu became the earliest god of Taoism. In the 27th century BC, the Queen Mother of the West, who had been a god of heaven, sent Jiu Tian Xuan Nu to give the Yellow Emperor's charms and Taoism, and thus obtained the "Yin Talisman". Later, Huangdi visited Kongdong Mountain, and Guangchengzi gave Huangdi the "Nature Classic". "Yin Fu Jing" and "Nature Jing" became the earliest classics of Taoism. The Yellow Emperor gained the Tao, and ascended by dragon, his subordinates and his subjects painted dragons for blessings, thus forming a totem to respect and oppose the firstThe religious form of worship of ancestors. In the process of inexhaustible evolution, due to the existence of various puzzling phenomena in nature and natural forces that humans cannot grasp, by the Yin and Xia period, the ghosts and gods of the fighting force system had formed the respect of the gods. Our ancestors' inexhaustible accumulation and perfect worship ceremony is the foundation of Taoist ceremony at this moment. It is confirmed from the pictures of the ritual ceremony of the Oracle that Taoism should originate from the Yin and Shang period. 2. When did Taoism form a national religious group? Answer: Taoism formed a national religious group during the Eastern Han Dynasty. After Yuji's "Chengping Qingling Book" (ie "Chengping Scripture") promoted Taoism, Zhang Jiao created Chengping Road and formed a huge Yellow Turban army. Later, due to the defeat of the uprising, Taoist activities were also banned, so he transferred to the underground to spread it. . Before that, Taoism had been spreading widely and actively among the people. Pingdao, Zhang Lucheng founded the Wudou Midao in Hanzhong. In addition, Wei Boyang's Jin Dan Dao is very popular among middle and upper class people, forming a relatively unchanged way of spreading. Chengping Dao, Wu Dou Mi Dao, Jin Dan Dao, etc. are the basis for forming a national religious group. 3. How many major growth periods have you experienced in history? Answer: At the end of the Shang Dynasty and the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty, Jiang Ziya worshiped the generals and formed the basic system of Taoist gods. The doctrines of Laozi and Zhuangzi during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period laid the foundation for the Taoist ideological system. By the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, due to the defeat of the ruler at that time, Zhang Jiao, Zhang Ling and others used Taoist ideology, culture and common sense in alchemy, medicine, etc. to deal with society and formed an extremely wide influence. Become a major early growth period of Taoism. In the Tang Dynasty, the royal family regarded Taoism as the royal family tutor and Laozi as the ancestor, and Taoist music became court music. This situation continued until the Five Dynasties. During the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, Wang Chongyang created Quanzhen Dao and preached to seven disciples. His disciple Qiu Changchun Xueshan applied and became the founding teacher of the Yuan Dynasty. Quanzhen Taoism arose, forming two major factions of Taoism Zhengyi and Quanzhen. During the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, the court loved Chongzhen Wuzu Master, and temples were built everywhere to worship Zhenwuzu Master. During the Qing ancestor period, Wang Changyue, the seventh-generation lawyer of the Quanzhen Longmen Sect, was ordered to preach the precepts on Baiyun Indecent View, and the Quanzhen Sect was well-rounded and prosperous. 4. When does Taoism respect Laozi as the ancestor? Answer: During the Chengping Dao period, the Five Dou Rice Road led by Zhang Ling grew widely among the people. In addition to contributing five buckets of rice, the educators also required to learn Huang Lao's skills and the Tao of Huang Lao. The homework that a believer must learn, therefore, Lao Tzu is respected by the Fanbo. It was also referred to as the incarnation of "Tao", which enabled Lao Tzu to deify and gradually became the ancestor of Taoism. 5. Where does Taoism call "Tianshi"?Answer: Heavenly Master, it was the title of Huangdi for Qi Bo. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, preachers who passed the wishes of the gods and taught the common people were called celestial masters. Zhang Ling preached from the heavens, taught the common people, and was good at using magic techniques. He is revered as the heavenly master, and the term heavenly master has been passed down from generation to generation, as of today. 6. What is the pedigree of the Zhengtian Division? Answer: Observe the Dao Ming benevolence, all true to the Taihe, Zhicheng Xuanyu Dian, loyal to play Jinke. Chong Han Tong Xuan Yun, Gao Hong Ding Da Luo, three mountains to raise the magic method, the four seas flood waves. 7. Why does Taoism call Laozi the ancestor? Answer: Lao Tzu in the Spring and Autumn Period has gathered the essence of the "Tao" culture of the Chinese nation before the Spring and Autumn Period, and expounded it. The Taoism based on Lao Tzu's "Tao" takes Lao Tzu's "Tao De Jing" as the ancestor scripture, so Lao Tzu is revered as the ancestor of the religion. 8. When did Taoism form a religious form? Answer: In 475 BC, the popular sea in the Yan and Qi regions in eastern my country-the dead gods worshipped the gods centered on Kunlun Mountain, which was popular in the western region. In addition, the fairy travel thought and witchcraft prevailed in the Jingchu region in the south. As a result, a similar and unified religious form of Taoism was formed. 9. What are the main differences between Quanzhen School and Zhengyi School? Answer: Since its formation, the Zhengyi Sect has mainly engaged in religious activities and dealt with the public. During its activities, except for eating vegetarian food in large-scale glutinous rice activities, the others are placed according to the parties' arrangements, and no fishy things are avoided. The spread of the Zhengyi school is generally widespread. Except for a few who live alone in traditional places, most of them have small homes and families. The Quanzhen Sect is based on the Qingxiu Sect, which is mainly engaged in the cultivation and practice of gods, and most of them live in communities. In order to maintain the body and refining qi, most of them use vegetarian food, fruits and wild wild herbs as food, so as to reduce the occurrence of odorous odor caused by meat and fishy things in the abdomen. At the same time, in order to avoid the burden of complicated affairs and family, Quanzhen Tao generally adopts a celibate lifestyle, so as not to be involved in oneself and to practice with peace of mind. 10. What is the fundamental influence of Taoism on the growth of the Chinese nation? Answer: We know that the formation of a nation requires four major elements. The first is descent; the second is religious worship; the third is language; the fourth is customs. Taoism worship is the main force that gathers the Chinese descent, and is the cornerstone of the creation and growth of language. Taoism contributed to the formation and growth of customs and habits. Without Taoism worship, the Chinese nation would not have long-term cohesive strength and would not be able to retain it for a long time. Taoist ideology and culture is a basic driving force and bond that affects the Chinese people and maintains the complex of the Chinese nation. It is an outstanding representative of the ideology and culture of the Chinese nation. 11. Why does Chinese history show the synchronization of social prosperity and Taoist prosperity? Answer: The Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period was a period of systematization of Taoist thought. The country and family presented a prosperous scene of a hundred flowers blooming and a hundred schools of thought contending. In the early Han Dynasty, the Taoist policy of recuperation was adopted. After that, the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, and the early and middle Tang dynasties were the prosperous period of Taoism's growth. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, Quanzhen Taoism emerged. Emperor Zhenwu, the god of Wudang Mountain in the Ming Dynasty, was widely offered throughout the countryBong. The Qing ancestor Shunzhi, the saint ancestor Kangxi, Gaozong Qianlong, etc., became ordained disciples of Wang Changyue of the Quanzhen Longmen School of Taoism. During these periods, Taoism has grown considerably. Like the Sui Dynasty, especially during the period of Emperor Yang Guang, Taoism suffered hardship. During the period of Emperor Wu of the Liang Dynasty and the Empress Dowager Cixi of the Qing Dynasty, Taoism received a very heavy impact. At the same time, this was also the period of the lowest and most old and pedantic of the Chinese nation. There was also the period of the Republic of China in the 1920s and the Cultural Revolution, which was a period of disaster for Taoism and a period of severe national decline. This phenomenon should be inevitable. This is because Taoism advocates compliance with natural laws. The implementation of such natural laws is actively and widely accommodated. It is a mechanism of inexhaustible growth, reduction, and retention of the fittest. It is an inevitable phenomenon of social progress. need. Once the society enters the autocratic and power system, the basic ideas and laws of Taoism will not be able to proceed until they are rejected and impacted, which leads to a complete block or even regression of social growth. 12. What are the famous figures of Taoism in history? Answer: In politics, there are Wei Zheng, the prime minister of Tang Taizong, and Changchun Qiu, the teacher of Yuan Taizong. There are Zhuge Liang, Liu Bowen, and Sun Bin in military; Zhang Heng and Ge Hong in science and technology; Hua Tuo, Bian Que, Li Shizhen, Sun Simiao, and Fu Qingzhu in medicine; Laozi, Zhuangzi, and Xu Fu in diplomacy. 13. In modern times, when and where was a national Taoist organization established? Who is the advocate? Answer: In 1912, a "Central Taoist Church" mainly composed of Quanzhen Sect was established in Baiyun Inyaguan, Beijing, and it was proposed to reward Chen Yukun, the abbot of Baiyun Inyaguan. In the same year, Shanghai established the "Taoist Federation of the Republic of China" with the Zhengyi school as its mainstay. 14. When was the Chinese Taoist Association established? Who are the past presidents? Answer: In 1956, Yue Chongdai, the abbot of the Taiqing official of Shenyang, advocated the establishment of the Chinese Taoist Association. In the same year, a preparatory committee with Yue Chongdai as the director and Chen Yingning and Meng Minghui as the deputy directors was established. After Premier Zhou Enlai met with Yue Chongdai, 92 representatives of various Taoist schools and various famous mountain palaces across the country held the first national representative meeting in Beijing Qianmen Restaurant, and established the Chinese Taoist Association with Yue Chongdai as its chairman. Chen Yingning, the second president; Li Yuhang, the third and fourth president; Fu Yuantian, the fifth president; Min Zhiting, the sixth president, currently in the sixth term. 15. What are the major contributions of Taoism to technology? Answer: Daoism uses He Chutu and Luo Chushu to form Hetu and Luoshu, which are the earliest mathematics and also form inequalities and equations in mathematics. Wuji produces Taiji, Taiji produces two instruments, Liangyi produces four images, four images produces eight trigrams, and eight trigrams produces sixty-four trigrams, and so on, forming a binary system, which is the basic principle of modern computer conversion. The existence of existence, the difficulty and the easy, the long and the short, the superior and the inferior, the sound and the harmony, the front and back. Laozi's theory formed the earliest indecent view of relativity. Ge Hong discovered gunpowder in alchemy, his alchemy technique, the originator of chemistry, and so on. 16. Which country was Taoism first introduced into? Who introduced it? Answer: According to historical records, Taoism was the first to spread to Japan. During the period of Emperor Qin Shihuang, the way of immortality prevailed. Qin Shihuang sent Xu Fu to select 500 virgin boys and 500 virgins, a total of more than 3,000 people, to go to the East China Sea for medicine for immortality. After driving for several days, it reached Japan without returning. Taoist activities and Taoist ideology and culture spread to Japan with Xu Fu and his entourage.