Lesson 1: Vowels & Consonants

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Hangeul (한글), is the Korean alphabet system. It has 24 basic letters, 10 vowels and 14 consonants.

Vowels(mo-eum모음)

We'll start with vowels, 10 vowels are divided into 2 major groups based on how you will write it, the vertical and horizontal vowels.

Vertical Vowel

ㅣ- ee
ㅓ - eo
ㅏ - a
ㅕ- yeo
ㅑ - ya

Horizontal Vowel

ㅡ - eu
ㅗ - o
ㅜ - u
ㅛ - yo
ㅠ - yu


Note: Each group started with simple horizontal or vertical lines, after that you can add some small strokes to get the other vowels.

Consonants (ja-eum자음)
Here is the list of the all the consonants in Hangeul:

Vowel | Name | Reading

ㄱ -  ni eun  - n
ㄴ -  gi yeok  - g,k
ㅋ -  ki euk  -  k
ㄷ -  di geut  - d,t
ㅌ -  ti eut  - t
ㄹ -  ri eut  - r
ㅂ -  bi eup  - b,p
ㅍ -  pi eup  - p
ㅁ -  mi eup  - m
ㅅ -  si eut  - s
ㅈ -  ji eut  - j
ㅊ -  chi eut  - ch
ㅇ -  i eung - ng
ㅎ -  hi eut  - h


Noticed the slight changes of the letters on each group? It will make it for you to memorize if you try grouping them as shown above. The second letter in reading will be the sound of the consonant if it acts as patch'im (받침).

Note: You're not required to memorize all the 24 letters yet so just continue on reading.

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