Mental disorders diagnosed in childhood are divided into two categories: childhood disorders and learning disorders. These disorders are usually first diagnosed in infancy, childhood, or adolescence, as laid out in the and in the .
The DSM-IV-TR includes ten subcategories of disorders including : Learning Disorders, Motor Skills Disorders, Communication Disorders, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Attention-Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders, Feeding and Eating Disorders, Tic Disorders, Elimination Disorders, and Other Disorders of Infancy, Childhood, or Adolescence.
KINDS OF CHILDHOOD DISORDERS:
>Learning Disability is a classification that includes several areas of functioning in which a person has difficulty learning in a typical manner, usually caused by an unknown factor or factors. Given the "difficulty learning in a typical manner", this does not exclude the ability to learn in a different manner. Therefore, some people can be more accurately described as having a "Learning Difference", thus avoiding any misconception of being disabled with a lack of ability to learn and possible negative stereotyping. It is also called Intellectual Disability which is not a mental but developmental disorders. Children having this kind of disability have the difficulties in the areas of:
-cognitive, social-emotional, moral and motor development, speech, perceptions and memory.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF LD:
- Trouble understanding social rules and customs such as taking turns, or waiting in line. Failure to appreciate and avoid dangerous situations such as playing in the street, or touching a hot stove. Difficulty in learning new skills, problem solving, anger, attacks of anger and aggression, and vegetative symptoms.
TREATMENT OF LD:
1. Case Management
2. Family Support
3. Vocational Program
4. Residual Options
5. Early Intervention
6. Special Education
7. Behavioral interventions
8. Cognitive- Behavioral Therapy
9. Psychodynamic Therapies.
>LEARNING DISABILITIES- attributed to children with normal IQ, without organic or psychological problems that can not successfully monitor school educational program. Characteristics of learning disabilities include hyperactivity, attention deficit disorder, difficulty in thinking and memory, audio-visual-perceptual disorders, specific difficulties in reading, writing and numeracy. such as:
Dyspraxia- developmental disorder that marks awkwardness of performing motor actions. It is a difficulty in writing.
Dyslexia- difficulty or inability in reading despite adequate training and intelligence. Reading is slow,difficult, letters or syllables are dropped, replaced or added.
Verbal Dysgraphia- not related to the motor side of writing. It is a disorder which is characterized by the same difficulties as in reading: add, drop, substituting letters, connect-the separation of words, grammatical irregularities. This is a problem of language when written and oral speech and cross each other.
Disortograficna- children are often dyslexic.
Dyscalculia- specific difficulties in learning mathematics and performing mathematical tasks.
BINABASA MO ANG
Psychological Facts and Terms II
HumorThis is the continuation of my story entitled Compilation of Psychological Facts and Terms. I can no longer add another part there that's why I've decided to create part II. Thank you for spending your time reading the previous one. I hope you'll...
