Korean Grammar [hiatus]

Grammar # 1 - This/That

*This/That*

Guys, I'm not used to explain in Tagalog so I'll tell you in advanced. Parang mas magno-nosebleed ako pag tagalog eh. Okay? I'll use English :)

A. OBJECT: (Near the speaker, far from the listener)

이 - NOUN

Example:

이 시계는 제 시계예요.

( i shigyeneun je shigyeyeyo.)

This watch is my watch.

IN LITERAL:

[ i - shigye - neun - je - shigyeyeyo ]

[ This - watch - is - my - watch ]

B. OBJECT: (Far from the speaker, near the listener [can be seen])

그 - NOUN

Example:

그 책은 한국어 책이에요.

( geu chaegeun hangugeo chaegieyo )

That book is a Korean book.

IN LITERAL:

[ geu - chaeg - eun - hangugeo - chaeg - ieyo ]

[ That - book - is - Korean - book - a ]

***When the object is not visible to the both speaker and the listener (cannot be seen).

C. OBJECT: (Far from both)

저 - NOUN

Example:

저 사람은 재민-씨예요.

( jeo sarameun jaemin sshiyeyo. )

That person is Jaemin.

IN LITERAL:

[ jeo - saram - eun - Jaemin - sshiyeyo ]

[ That - person - is - Jaemin ]

D. (이 / 그 / 저 + 것 (thing) - used to point at things

- 이거 / 그거 / 저거  are the colloquial forms ( informal way ) of 이것 / 그것 / 저것.

Examples:

이거는 우유예요.

( igeoneun uyuyeyo. )

This is milk.

IN LITERAL:

[ igeo - neun - uyu - yeyo ]

[ This - is - milk - a ]

그거는 사전이에요.

( geugeoneun sajeonieyo. )

That is a dictionary.

IN LITERAL:

[ geugeo - neun - sajeon - ieyo ]

[ That - is - dictionary - a ]

저거는 책이에요?

( jeogeoneun chaegieyo? )

Is that a book?

IN LITERAL:

[ jeogeo - neun - chaeg - ieyo? ]

[ That - is - book - a? ]

E. (The Shortened Forms)

- 이게 / 그게 / 저게 or 이건 / 그건 / 저건 

***The shortened forms of 이 / 그 / 저 + 것 (thing) + subject marker 이.

이것이 = 이게 = 이거

그것이 = 그게 = 이거

저것이 = 저게 = 이거

***The shortened forms of 이 / 그 / 저 + 것 (thing) + object marker 을.

이것을 = 이걸 = 이거

그것을 = 그걸 = 이거

저것을 = 그걸 = 이거

***The shortened forms of 이 / 그 / 저 + 것 (thing) + marker 은 >> with a slight emphasis on the object indicated.

이것은 = 이건

그것은 = 그건

저것은 = 저건

Examples:

이게 무슨 책이에요?

( ige museun chagieyo? )

What kind of book is this?

IN LITERAL:

[ ige - museun - chaeg - ieyo? ]

[ this - what - book - kind of is ]

-- What is this?

INFORMAL : 이게 뭐예요? ( ige mwoyeyo? )

FORMAL: 이것은 무엇입니까? ( igeoseun mueosihimnikka? )

-- What is this?

INFORMAL: 이건 뭐에요? ( igeon mwoeyo? )

FORMAL: 이것은 무엇입니까? ( igeoseun mueosimnikka? )

[ EXTRA ]

- The form shown below follows the same rule of 이 / 그 / 저.

여기 / 저기 / 거기 ( yeogi/jeogi/geogi)

- Here/There/There

이런 / 저런 / 그런 (ireon/jeoreon/geureon)

- This kind of/That kind of/That kind of

이렇게 / 저렇게 / 그렇게 (ireohke/jeoreohke/geureohke)

- In this way/In that way/ In that way

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HOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO !!! kakapagod pala mag - engrishhhhhh -.-

cge, yan muna :PP

~ Makerona