Microbiology: Its branches and its importance
Microbiology is the study of organisms that are so small and cannot be seen by the naked eye. These minute organisms are called microorganisms or microbes. Microbiology is divided into the ff:
1. Bacteriology - study of bacteria.
2. Virology - study of viruses.
3. Mycology - study of fungi.
4. Parasitology - study of protozoa and parasitic worms.
5. Phycology - study of algae.
6. Immunology - study of immune responses.
As an individual, we need to study microbiology for the following reasons:
1. For more than thousands of microorganisms inhabit the human body, it can be pathogenic(capable of causing disease) or non-pathogenic.
2. Some microorganisms are essential biotechnology, e.g. production of foods and beverages.
3. Sources of antibiotics;
4. Some microorganisms are saprophytes or decomposers of waste and dead organisms.
5. Microorganisms also play an important role in the breakdown of organic substance to release plant nutrients like nitrates and phosphates, which are sources of fertilizers.
6. Some microorganisms are used in the production of useful substances like insulin and interferon, and
7. Some microorganisms and their products, such as toxins, are also potential warfare agents.
