Karbala: A "Bloody" Consipracy and the Secrets Behind It

The final 2 issues, & khilaafah and mulookiyah

The final two issues

Only two accusations that generally stand out vividly, due to the intense manner in which it has been propagated, shall, as a conclusion to this part, shall be discussed.

1) Why did Hadhrat Mu'awiyah (radhiyallahu anhu) appointed his son, Yazid, as Caliph, despite being aware of the opposition of Great Sahabah?

2) Rasulullah (sallallaahu alayhi wasallam) had mentiomed that the Caliphate would last for thirty years (which would end in the 40th year after Hijrah) after which the era of kingship shall begin. Does this then not make clear indication that the rule of Hadhrat Mu'awiyah (radhiyallahu anhu) was a disliked rule due to it beginning after the fortieth year of the Hijrah?

In the paragraph's that have passed, much of issue no.1 has been discussed, from which it has become apparent that:

a) Hadhrat Mu'awiyah's (radhiyallahu anhu) decision had nothing to do with holding onto power.

b) Yazid was not, during the life of his father, regarded as unfit for the post.

c) The Majority of the people during that era were happy with the decision.

d) There was no solution which Hadhrat Mu'awiyah could see, which woul ensure the unity of the Ummah remains intact and in-fighting does not re-occur.

e) The appointment of Yazid was an issue of Ijtihad, for which Almighty Allah has promised reward, even though one errs in his final judgement.

f) It was never necessary that Hadhrat Mu'awiyah submit to the view of the Sahabah opposing to his decision, nor was it necessary that he seek their opinion.

g) Selecting one's own son as Caliph is totally permissible in Islam, on condition that the son should be fit for the post.

h) The basis for the opposition to Hadhrat Mu'awiyah's decision was never the personality of Yazid, his character, actions, etc, as has been generally understood, but rather the fear of appointing one's close family members would open up the doora of Hirqiliyat, (the throne of rule being held in one family, irrespective of ability, piety, etc).

I) Hadhrat Mu'awiyah (radhiyallahu anhu, until his death, upheld the honour of Ahle-bayt, and instructed his son, Yazid, to do the same.

What has now to be discussed is issue No. 2, with an explanation of the hadith of caliphate and mulookiyyah (kingship), which shall provide the reason behind Hadhrat Mu'awiyah (radhiyallahu anhu), being prepared to take the throne, knowing full well that the era of Caliphate has now terminated.

To understand this issue, it would first be necessary to discuss the difference between caliphate and mulookiyyah (kingship) to understand the Sharii ruling of both, and then to study the Ahadith regarding the issue.

Caliphate and Mulookiyyah (kingship)

From the very onset it should be understood that Mulookiyat (kingship) and hirqaliyat (system of succession) are not one and the same. When Hadhrat Abdullah ibn Zubayr (radhiyallahu anhu), Hadhrat Abdur Rahmaan ibn Abu Bakr (radhiyallahu anhu) voiced dissatisfaction against the appointment of Yazid as the next Caliph, they explained the reason for their dissatisfaction being that his appointment was opening the doors of 'Hirqaliyyah' (a system of succession, that every time one would pass away, another family member would immediately take his place, even though he was not at all capable for the post). Had Hirqaliyyah (system of succession) and mulukiyyah (kingship) been the same, they would have never accepted the rule of Hadhrat Mu'awiyah (radhiyallahu anhu) as well, since they were all well aware that after the 40th year of Hijrah, the era of kingship was to begin.