Mental Health Awarness

Eating disorders

Eating Disorders

Eating disorders involve extreme emotions, attitudes, and behaviors involving weight and food. There are several types of eating disorders, including:

·Anorexia Nervosa

·Binge Eating

· Bulimia

1. Anorexia NervosaAnorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that makes people lose more weight than is considered healthy for their age and height.

Persons with this disorder may have an intense fear of weight gain, even when they are underweight. They may diet or exercise too much, or use other methods to lose weight.

Causes

The exact causes of anorexia nervosa are not known. Many factors probably are involved. Genes and hormones may play a role. Social attitudes that promote very thin body types may also be involved.

Family conflicts are no longer thought to contribute to this or other eating disorders.

Risk factors for anorexia include:

Being more worried about, or paying more attention to, weight and shapeHaving an anxiety disorder as a childHaving a negative self-imageHaving eating problems during infancy or early childhoodHaving certain social or cultural ideas about health and beautyTrying to be perfect or overly focused on rules

Anorexia usually begins during the teen years or young adulthood. It is more common in females, but may also be seen in males. The disorder is seen mainly in white women who are high academic achievers and who have a goal-oriented family or personality.

Symptoms

To be diagnosed with anorexia, a person must:

Have an intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat, even when she is underweightRefuse to keep weight at what is considered normal for her age and height (15% or more below the normal weight)Have a body image that is very distorted, be very focused on body weight or shape, and refuse to admit the seriousness of weight lossHave not had a period for three or more cycles (in women)

People with anorexia may severely limit the amount of food they eat, or eat and then make themselves throw up. Other behaviors include:

Cutting food into small pieces or moving them around the plate instead of eatingExercising all the time, even when the weather is bad, they are hurt, or their schedule is busyGoing to the bathroom right after mealsRefusing to eat around other peopleUsing pills to make themselves urinate (water pills or diuretics), have a bowel movement (enemas and laxatives), or decrease their appetite (diet pills)

Other symptoms of anorexia may include:

Blotchy or yellow skin that is dry and covered with fine hairConfused or slow thinking, along with poor memory or judgmentDry mouthExtreme sensitivity to cold (wearing several layers of clothing to stay warm)Loss of bone strengthWasting away of muscle and loss of body fat2. Binge EatingBinge eating is when a person eats a much larger amount of food in a shorter period of time than he or she normally would. During binge eating, the person also feels a loss of control.

A binge eater often:

Eats 5,000–15,000 calories in one sittingOften snacks, in addition to eating three meals a dayOvereats throughout the day

Binge eating may occur on its own or with another eating disorder, such as , and usually leads to becoming overweight. People with bulimia typically eat large amounts of high-calorie foods, usually in secret. After binge eating, they often force themselves to vomit or take laxatives.

Causes

The cause of binge eating is unknown. However, binge eating often begins during or after strict dieting.

3. BulimiaBulimia is an illness in which a person binges on food or has regular episodes of overeating and feels a loss of control. The person then uses different methods—such as vomiting or abusing laxatives—to prevent weight gain.

Many (but not all) people with bulimia also have .

Causes

Many more women than men have bulimia. The disorder is most common in adolescent girls and young women. The affected person is usually aware that her eating pattern is abnormal and may feel fear or guilt with the binge-purge episodes.

The exact cause of bulimia is unknown. Genetic, psychological, trauma, family, society, or cultural factors may play a role. Bulimia is likely due to more than one factor.

Symptoms

In bulimia, eating binges may occur as often as several times a day for many months.

People with bulimia often eat large amounts of high-calorie foods, usually in secret. People can feel a lack of control over their eating during these episodes.

Binges lead to self-disgust, which causes purging to prevent weight gain. Purging may include:

Forcing yourself to vomitExcessive exerciseUsing laxatives, enemas, or diuretics (water pills)

Purging often brings a sense of relief.

People with bulimia are often at a normal weight, but they may see themselves as being overweight. Because the person's weight is often normal, other people may not notice this eating disorder.

Symptoms that other people can see include:

Compulsive exerciseSuddenly eating large amounts of food or buying large amounts of food that disappear right awayRegularly going to the bathroom right after mealsThrowing away packages of laxatives, diet pills, emetics (drugs that cause vomiting), or diuretics