The American Colonial Period

Philippine-American War (Ang Laman)

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  "República Filipina" redirects here. For other uses, see .

The term "Philippine Republic" refers to a succession of after the in the in 1898.

There have been five republics in the :

(January 23, 1899 – March 23, 1901) (October 14, 1943 – August 17, 1945) (July 4, 1946 – September 21, 1972) (June 30, 1981 – February 25, 1986) (February 2, 1987 – present)The current regime in the . 

The Philippine Republic (: República Filipina, : Republika ng Pilipinas), more commonly known as the First Philippine Republic or the Malolos Republic, was a short-lived nascent in the . It was formally established with the proclamation of the on January 23, 1899 in , , and endured until the capture and surrender of to the on March 23, 1901 in , , which effectively dissolved the First Republic.

The establishment of the Philippine Republic was the culmination of the against . On June 12, 1898, at Aguinaldo's ancestral home in Cavite, was proclaimed and was read. The act had been prepared and written in Spanish by , who also read its proclamation. The convened on 15 September, and produced the Malolos Constitution. That constitution was proclaimed on 22 January 1899, transforming the government into what is known today as the First Philippine Republic, with Aguinaldo as its president. In the meantime, on December 10, 1898, the had been signed, ending the . Article 3 of the treaty transferred the Philippines from Spain to the United States.

The then ensued. Aguinaldo was captured by U.S. forces on March 23, 1901 and swore an oath accepting the authority of the United States over the Philippines and pledging his allegiance to the American government. On April 19, he issued a Proclamation of Formal Surrender to the United States, telling his followers to lay down their weapons and give up the fight, effectively ending the First Philippine Republic. Subsequently, the U.S. continued its annexation of the islands pursuant to the Treaty of Paris. The Philippines was under US until 1946, when formal independence was granted by the. It was the first Constitutional Republic in Asia. It was titled "Constitución política", and was written in Spanish following the declaration of independence from Spain, proclaimed on January 20, 1899, and was enacted and ratified by the Malolos Congress, a Congress held in Malolos.

Although there were several Asian republics predating the First Philippine Republic, i.e. the or the , the Republic at Malolos was the first to frame a comprehensive constitution duly approved by an .

History

The First Philippine Republic was formed after the and the events of the collapse of the . It adopted the, drawn up by the Philippine Constitutional Convention in the in in 1899 to replace the revolutionary government proclaimed by on June 23, 1898. That revolutionary government had replaced the dictatorial government which Aguinaldo had proclaimed on May 24, and had formally established by decree on June 18.

The constitution was approved by delegates to the on January 20, 1899, and sanctioned by Aguinaldo the next day. The convention had earlier elected Aguinaldo president on January 1, 1899, leading to his inauguration on January 23. Parts of the constitution gave Aguinaldo the power to are of particular interest.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FirstPhilippineRepublic