Raymond Bernard Cattell (20 March 1905 – 2 February 1998) was a British and American psychologist, known for his psychometric research into intrapersonal psychological structure and his exploration of many areas within empirical psychology. These multifaceted areas included: the basic dimensions of personality and temperament, the range of cognitive abilities, the dynamic dimensions of motivation and emotion, the clinical dimensions of abnormal personality, patterns of group syntality and social behavior,applications of personality research to psychotherapy and learning theory, predictors of creativity and achievement, and many multivariate research methods. including the refinement of factor analytic methods for exploring and measuring these domains.
According to Cattell, Personality is:
-that permits prediction of what a person will do in a given situation. Hence, behavior, whether overt or hidden, must be properly evaluated.
STRUCTURE OF PERSONALITY:
1. Surface Traits- Traits that are observable.
2. Source Traits- Traits that are underlying causes of overt behavior.
a. Constitutional Source Traits- genetically determined source traits.
b. Environmental Mold Traits- source traits that are shaped by one's culture and experiences.
MODALITY OF EXPRESSION:
1. Ability Traits- source traits that determine how effectively a person works toward a desired goal (e.g. intelligence)
a. Crystallized Intelligence- the accumulated knowledge of the kind of learned in school.
b. Fluid Intelligence- knowledge gain through experiences.
2. Dynamic Traits- sets the personality in motion towards some goals.
Two Categories of Dynamic Traits
1. ERGS- roughly equivalent to instinctual,biological or primary needs.
2. META ERGS- learned drives, divided into:
a. Sentiment- predisposition to act in certain ways toward classes of objects or events.
b. Attitude- specific responses to specific objects or events.
Since ERGS are core of one's motivational patterns, sentiments are said to be subsidiary to ergs and attitudes are said to be subsidiary to sentiments.
DYNAMIC LATTICE- relationship between ergs, sentiments and attitudes.
Cattell proposed THREE KINDS OF LEARNING:
1. CLASSICAL CONDITIONING- a situation in which a new stimulus gets attached to an old response by occurring a moment before the old stimulus.
2. INSTRUMENTAL CONDITIONING-reward or operand learningto perform response that will produce reward.
3. STRUCTURED LEARNING- a change in one's entire personality by showing what happens at a number of choice point following is a called Dynamic Crossroads.
BINABASA MO ANG
Psychological Facts and Terms II
HumorThis is the continuation of my story entitled Compilation of Psychological Facts and Terms. I can no longer add another part there that's why I've decided to create part II. Thank you for spending your time reading the previous one. I hope you'll...
