Korean Letters: Hangul 한글

THREE: The Consonants and Its Pronounciation [2]

A continuation for the lesson sa consonants.

11 Complex/Combination Consonants
Gaya ng complex vowels, combination sila ng dalawang regular o main consonants. At kagaya din ng iba pang consonants, nagbabago ang pronounciation nila. It depends on whether the next syllable starts with a vowel or not.

ㅄ
Next syllable starts with a vowel: (-PS)
Next syllable starts with a vowel: (-P)
Not followed by another syllable: (-P)

ㄵ
Next syllable starts with a vowel: (-NJ)
Next syllable starts with a vowel: (-N)
Not followed by another syllable: (-N)

ㄺ
Next syllable starts with a vowel: (-LG)
Next syllable starts with a vowel: (-L)
Not followed by another syllable: (-K)

ㄶ
Next syllable starts with a vowel: (-N)
Next syllable starts with a vowel: (-N)
Not followed by another syllable: (-N)

ㄳ
Next syllable starts with a vowel: (-GS)
Next syllable starts with a vowel: (-K)
Not followed by another syllable: (-K)

ㄻ
Next syllable starts with a vowel: (-RM)
Next syllable starts with a vowel: (-M)
Not followed by another syllable: (-M)

ㄼ
Next syllable starts with a vowel: (-RB)
Next syllable starts with a vowel: (-P)
Not followed by another syllable: (-P)

ㄽ
Next syllable starts with a vowel: (-RS)
Next syllable starts with a vowel: (-L)
Not followed by another syllable: (-L)

ㄾ
Next syllable starts with a vowel: (-RT')
Next syllable starts with a vowel: (-L)
Not followed by another syllable: (-L)

ㄿ
Next syllable starts with a vowel: (-RP')
Next syllable starts with a vowel: (-L)
Not followed by another syllable: (-L)

ㅀ
Next syllable starts with a vowel: (-R)
Next syllable starts with a vowel: (-L)
Not followed by another syllable: (-L)

For example, the complex consonant ㄺ would be pronounced as:

Next syllable starts with a vowel: (-LG)
밝아요 (palgayo - "It's bright)

Next syllable starts with a vowel: (-L)
밝다 (palta - "to be bright)

Not followed by another syllable: (-K)
닭 (tak - "chicken")


Other Consonant Changes
Paulit ulit na nabanggit na nagbabago ang pronounciation sa consonants depende sa lugar nya sa isang syllable o sa kadikit na letra, diba?

Nabanggit na din kung anong pagbabago nila depende sa posisyon sa syllable.

Ngayon naman, bibigyan ng example kung anong pagbabago yung mangyayari depende sa kasunod na letra.

These sound changes occur specially when G/K (ㄱ) and B/P (ㅂ) are followed by R/L (ㄹ), N ( ㄴ) or M (ㅁ). Changes are mostly the result of position of the tongue in the mouth.

An example is the word for 'Chinese Language' (lit: China + talk):
중국말 (Chungguk + mal)

The G/K (ㄱ) followed by M (ㅁ) changes into ng + m, with the result being chunggungmal.

Other examples:
입니다 ('am, is, are', pol)
Apparent pronounciation: ibnida
Actual pronounciation: imnida

독립문 ('Independence Gate')
Apparent pronounciation: togribmun
Actual pronounciation: tongnimmun

있는 ('being, having, existing')
Apparent pronounciation: itneun
Actual pronounciation: inneun


STRESS AND INTONATION

The meaning of words does not change depending on stress or pitch.

Rising intonation at the end of a sentence can indicate a question.