Conjunctions - When [~을 때]
● Rules
First, take 다 off a plain form of verbs(Verbs - Present/Past) then:�
1. Add ~을 때 to verbs with a final consonant
• 먹다 → 먹을 때 = when I eat
• 앉다 → 앉을 때 = when I sit
• 믿다 → 믿을 때 = when I believe
• 죽다 → 죽을 때 = when I die
2. Add ~ㄹ 때 to verbs without a final consonant.
• 가다 → 갈 때 = when I go
• 오다 → 올 때 = when I come
• 자다 → 잘 때 = when I sleep
• 사다 → 살 때 = when I buy
3. Add ~때 to verbs with ㄹ as a final consonant
• 팔다 → 팔 때 = when I sell
• 살다 → 살 때 = when I live
• 놀다 → 놀 때 = when I play (muck around)
Eg.
• 저녁 먹을 때 비가 왔다. = When we were eating dinner, the rain came.
• 의자에 앉을 때 조심하세요. = When you sit on the chair, be careful.
• 병사는 죽을 때 한 마디를 남겼다. = When the soldier was dying, he left a message.
• 학교 갈 때 차로 간다. = When I go to school, I go by car.
• 집에 올 때 친구 집에 들린다. = When I come home, I visit my friend's house.
• 우리는 잘 때 꿈을 꾼다. = When we sleep, we dream.
• 사람들은 먹을 것을 살 때 슈퍼마켓으로 간다= When people buy food, they go to a supermarket.
● Take 다 off and add ~을 때 to the past tense of verbs
• 먹었다 → 먹었을 때 = when I ate
• 앉았다 → 앉았을 때 = when I sat
• 믿었다 → 믿었을 때 = when I believed
• 죽었다 → 죽었을 때 = when I died
• 팔았다 → 팔았을 때 = when I sold
• 살았다 → 살았을 때 = when I lived
• 놀았다 → 놀았을 때 = when I played (mucked around)
Eg.
• 시카고에 살았을 때 영어를 배웠다. = When I lived in Chicago, I learned English.
• 밖에서 놀았을 때, 날씨가 좋았다 = When we played outside, the weather was good.
Note:
• 저녁 먹을 때 비가 왔다. = When we were eating dinner, the rain came.
• 저녁 먹었을 때 비가 왔다. = When we were eating dinner, the rain came.
Both 먹을 때 or 먹었을 때 can be used and they mean the same thing. This is because the final verb, 왔다, determines the tense of a sentence. The former is a more casual form than the latter.
