The Universe is everything we can touch, feel, sense, measure or detect. It includes living things, planets, stars, galaxies, dust clouds, light, and even time. ... The Universe contains billions of galaxies, each containing millions or even trillio...
The universe contains matter and energy. Stars and galaxies are examples of matter that can be seen, but galaxies also contain invisible "dark matter". It does not give of light or heat and so is hard to find. It can, however, be detected by the effects of its gravity on visible objects.
Matter Matter is anything that has mass and is effected by gravity. All matter is made up of particles called atoms, which in turn are made up of smaller particles. Atoms are far too small to be seen
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There are four main states of matter- solid, liquid, gas, and plasma-depending on how closely the atoms are packed.
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A solid, such as these gold bars, has a fixed shape
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Liquid matter, such as water has no fixed shape unless held in a container.
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Gas particles, move about freely. A gas has no fixed shape.
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Plasma forms when gas is heated until it's atoms break apart. Plasma in the ball was made by running electricity through the gas.
Dark matter Dark matter is scattered across the Universe. As it is invisible the only clue to its existence comes from watching visible matter. Some large galaxies such as Abbell 901/902, seem to have a stronger gravitational pull far stronger than expected. Scientists think the extra gravity is caused by dark matter.
Composition Visible matter only makes up 5% of the entire Universe, while dark matter has 23% of the share and dark energy gets 72%. Dark energy is a mysterious force which is making the Universe expand.
