A blister may form when the skin has been damaged by friction, rubbing, heat, cold, or chemical exposure. Fluid collects between the epidermis- the upper layer of the skin- and the layer below. This fluid cushions the tissue underneath, protecting it from further damage and allowing it to heal.
Blisters can be caused by intense rubbing continued long enough, extreme temperature- from getting 1st to 2nd degree burns, or as a result of tissue damage incurred by frostbite- chemical exposure, also known as contact dermatitis; when the skin comes into contact with a cosmetic, detergent, solvent, or other chemical such as nickel sulfate, or Balsam of Peru; it can also form as a result of an allergic reaction to an insect bite or sting- crushing or pinching, or medical conditions.
The most common medical conditions that cause blisters are chickenpox, herpes, impetigo, and a form of eczema called dyshidrosis. Other, much rarer conditions include:
Bullous pemphigoid- a skin disease that cause surge, tightly filled blisters to develop; usually a effects 60+year Olds.
Pemphigus- a serious skin disease in which blisters develop if pressure is applied to the skin; they burst easily, leaving raw areas that can become infected.
Chronic Bullous Dermatitis- disease that causes clusters of blisters on the mouth, face, or genitals.
Source: {http://en.m.Wikipedia.org/wiki/blister}
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