*Religious Structures*
1. *The Castle (Temple of the Descending God)*: Main structure, 25 meters high, dedicated to the god Kukulcán.
2. *Temple of Paintings*: Contains mural paintings that represent Mayan gods and rituals.
3. *Temple of the God of the Wind (Chaac)*: Fingered to the god of rain.
4. *Temple of the Estela*: Contains stelas with Mayan inscriptions.
5. *Temple of the Frescoes*: Well-preserved wall paintings.
*Civil Structures*
1. *Palace*: Residence of the Mayan rulers.
2. *Plaza Central*: Public space for ceremonies and meetings.
3. *House of Columns*: Administrative structure.
4. *Market*: Commercial area.
5. *House of the Ruler*: Residence of the Mayan leader.
*Defensive Structures*
1. *Walls*: 6 meters high and 8 km long.
2. *Towers of surveillance*: They protected the city from invasions.
3. *Doors*: They controlled access.
4. *Trenches*: They protected the city from attacks.
5. *Stone curtains*: They reinforced the walls.
*Other Structures*
1. *Ball Game*: Field for the sacred Mayan game.
2. *Cementery*: Mayan burial area.
3. *Water system*: Channels and cisterns to collect water.
4. *Cerro del Búho*: Ceremonial structure with panoramic views.
5. *Calzada de los Muertos*: Main avenue.
*Architectural Characteristics*
1. *Mayan-Toltec style*: Mexican and puuc influences.
2. *Materials*: Limestone, stucco, wood and clay.
3. *Constructive techniques*: Masonry, vaults, arches and wooden ceilings.
4. *Decoration*: Sculptures, wall paintings, reliefs and hieroglyphs.
5. *Symbolism*: Representations of gods, animals and Mayan rituals.
*Chronology*
1. *13th century A.D. *: Initial construction.
2. *XIV-XV century A.D. *: Expansion and renovation.
3. *16th century A.D. *: Abandonment and decline.
4. *19th-20th century A.D. *: Rediscovery and restoration.
*Sources*
1. "Tulum: Official Guide" (Secretariat of Culture of Mexico)
2. "La Arquitectura Maya" (René Millon)
3. "Tulum: History and Archaeology" (INAH)
4. UNESCO
5. National Institute of Anthropology and History (INAH)
6. Government of the State of Quintana Roo.
