APUSH WORKSHEET
CHAPTER 32
IDENTIFY
Warren G. Harding: President of the United States from 1921 to 1923. This Republican man, though good-natured himself, surrounded himself with a few shady characters who tainted his presidency. Mostly remembered for attempting to return to "normalcy," the era where Mckinley was president and there were no progressive ideals. Believed in a quasi-laissez-faire economic policy. Died of illness in 1923.
Ohio Gang: A group of poker-playing, men that were friends of President Warren Harding. Harding appointed them to offices and they used their power to gain money for themselves. They were involved in scandals that ruined Harding's reputation even though he wasn't involved.
Muller v. Adkins: In this court case, the Supreme Court reversed its own reasoning in Muller v. Oregon, on the grounds that women were now the legal equals of men (after the Nineteenth Amendment). This took away women's protection at work and the minimum wage law for women since they were no longer entitled to special legislation.
Railway Labor Board: In 1922, this board ordered a 12% pay cut to all employees. A 2 month strike followed which was broken up by Attorney General Daugherty who launched a sweeping injunction. Incidents like this caused to union membership to drop 30% by 1930.
Adjusted Compensation Act: Bill passed by Congress in 1924 after a bonus bill was vetoed by Harding in 1922. It gave every former soldier an insurance policy due in 20 years. It added about $3.5 billion to the total cost of the war. Coolidge vetoed it, but Congress upheld it.
Charles Evans Hughes: Started government regulation of public utilities. He was Secretary of State under Harding and later became Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. He was the Republican candidate in 1916, and lost to Wilson by less that 1% of the vote.
Kellogg-Briand Pact: A pact signed on August 27, 1928 by the United States, France, the United Kingdom, Germany, Italy, Japan, and a number of other states. The pact renounced aggressive war, prohibiting the use of war as "an instrument of national policy" except in matters of self-defense.
Fordney-McCumber Tariff: 1922 act that sharply increased tariffs on imported goods; most Republican leaders of the 1920s firmly believed in "protectionist" policies that would increase profits for American businesses. It prevented foreign trade, hampering the economy, because Europe could not pay its debts if it could not trade.
Albert B. Fall: United States Senator from New Mexico and the Secretary of the Interior under Harding, infamous for his involvement in the Teapot Dome scandal where he leased the land of the Teapot Dome to oilmen Sinclair and Doheny after receiving a bribe of $100,000
Teapot Dome: area with a lot of oil and was reserved for the military, people illegally snuck in and pumped out the oil with Fall taking bribes for him to keep quiet about it
Harry M. Daugherty: Attorney General under Harding, was caught in a scandal in 1924 after the Senate conducted an investigation and caught him illegally selling presidential pardons and liquor permits; he was forced to resign afterwards
McNary-Haugen Bill: plan to rehabilitate American agriculture by raising the domestic prices of farm products through the authorization of government to buy up the surplus of crops and selling them abroad; the government losses were made up through a special tax on the farmers
farm bloc: a certain group of congressmen in agricultural states that aimed to improve the conditions of the farmers by passing legislation that would aid them, such as the Capper-Volstead Act and the McNary-Haugen Bill; unfortunately, both of them were vetoed by President Coolidge
Dawes Plan: the plan to resolve the issue of the war debt of World War I: first, American private loans would be made to Germany, so that that Germany can pay their reparations and war debts to Great Britain and France. Next, Great Britain and France would use that money to pay the U.S. for their debt payments by asking the U.S. to get involved in the war; the U.S. ended up not getting any money, however, due to the retainment of money in the loop
