APUSH WORKSHEET
CHAPTER 35
IDENTIFY
1. Germany First: The idea that America along with other European nations deal with Germany before it defeats the forces of both the British and the Russians. American military strategies were focused on first wiping out Germany then use the remaining combined forces to act upon the Japanese.
2. enemy aliens: Citizens from countries that have conflict with the country they are situated in. In WWII, the enemy aliens were German Americans, Italian Americans, and Japanese Americans. Especially the Japanese Americans where they were relocated into concentration camps for fear of sabotage, they were subject to brutal precaution whether violent or not.
3. Axis Powers: An alliance between the original countries of Germany, Italy, and Japan to fight against the Allied Powers during WWII.
4. internment camps: Camps where Japanese Americans were placed in due to the anti-Japanese prejudice and post-Pearl Harbor hysteria that stripped the uprooted Japanese Americans of basic rights; the internees lost hundreds of millions of dollars in property and foregone earnings.
5. Korematsu v. US.: In 1944 the Supreme Court named the Japanese relocation movement constitutional. It justified the relocation but later on the government apologized and paid for reparations to the survivors.
6. War Production Board: Board was in charge of the military order necessary for the war. Factories produced a great number of weaponry including bullets, aircraft, ships, and machine guns. The board also halted the manufacture of nonessential items such as cars to concentrate the work force on wartime priorities such as transportation and a national speed limit was imposed and gasoline rationing to conserve raw materials for the war effort.
7. War Labor Board: The War Labor Board, also known as the WLB, imposed restrictions on wage increases during the war production times. It also acted as a "Supreme Court" for labor cases, which often did more harm than good and led to many strikes.
8. Meiji Government: The Meiji Government was the early government of the Empire of Japan which launched the nation on an ambitious program of industrialization and militarization designed to make it the economic and political equal of the western powers.
9. Gentlemen's Agreement: an informal agreement between the United States and the Empire of Japan whereby the U.S. would not impose restriction on Japanese immigration or students, and Japan would not allow further immigration to the U.S.
10. Issei & Nissei: Issei is the Japanese word for first and described Japanese immigrants. Nissei was the Japanese word for second and described the second generation from Japanese immigrants. Because they were American-born children, Japanese parents hoped that they would get the benefits by excelling in school and in learning English and not be subjected to the racism and hardships they endured.
11. GI: stood for General Issue, the clothes that everyone joining the army was expected to wear
12. Rosie the Riveter: model in US propaganda that represented women and the demand for women in the workforce
13. A. Philip Randolph: black labor leader, threatened a march on Washington DC and called for jobs and less discrimination towards blacks in industry, Roosevelt feared the work force being disrupted and passed Executive Order 8802 which banned discrimination in defense industry and created the Fair Employment Practices Commission
14. Code Talkers: Navajo and Comanche Indians that transmitted radio messages in their native languages in order to confuse the Axis powers and make the codes uncrackable
15. Zoot-suit Riots: race riots that were caused by Anglo sailors in cabs looking for victims, Mexicans and Mexican Americans in Los Angeles were attacked and the riots only stopped when Mexican ambassadors made emotional pleas that these events were prime to be used against America for Nazi propaganda
