For the start, let me first tell you a little something about the different yugas (युग). For those who don't know literally anything about it, this is going to be a nice, simple little summary for the entire thing.
Hindu mythology bifurcates time into four yugas. They are:
1. Satya Yuga / सतयुग
2. Treta Yuga / त्रेतायुग
3. Dwapara Yuga / द्वापरयुग
4. Kali Yuga / कलियुग (the one that we are living in right now)There are ten avatars of Lord Vishnu, which are said to exist in the different yugas mentioned above. The first three yugas have already passed, the current one is The Kali Yuga. All these yugas have been divided in a 4:3:2:1 timeline ratio. It is also a ratio in which the different avatars made an appearance in different yugas.
The first four avatars appeared in Satya Yuga, the next three in Tetra, the next two in Dwapara, and the last & the tenth avatar, The Kalki (कल्कि) avatar, will eventually appear, putting an end to the Kali yuga. This all may sound stupid to some, false even, but it's true. Different scientific researches have shown signs of the presence of one of the avatars, Lord Rama, on our planet. A movie, Ram Setu (it's great, give it a watch!), captures the whole event. I am sure much more evidence is available but this is the best one so far.
Now, 1 divine year, i.e. 1 year of demigods, is equal to 360 human years. You don't have to know much about the demigods or anything. This is just to let one know that if a divine being is a year old, he has already lived 360 human years. Crazy, I know.
Why am I saying this? To let you all know the number of years of the yugas.
The Satya Yuga was of 4,800 divine years. Multiply it by 360 & we get 17,28,000 human years. The Treta Yuga lasted for 3,600 divine years, 12,96,000 human years. The Dwapara Yuga lasted for 2,400 divine years or 8,64,000 human years. The Kali Yuga will last for 1,200 divine years or 4,32,000 human years.
Now that we all know the time, let's see why the yugas were separated in the first place.
1. The Satya Yuga, the longest of them all, had evil, but in an entirely different world. There were two worlds, the Deva Loka (देवलोक) (the world of gods) & the Asura Loka (असुरलोक) (the world of demons). It can be seen as a yin-yang but without the two little circles in them. These worlds either were completely good or completely evil. No in-between whatsoever.
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