Am I suppose to say I'm back?
From the 19th century onwards, there was an increased European interest in the Southeast Asia region, including Brunei. The European powers set up many trading ports in the region. Such an interest resulted in the loss of Brunei territories.
The British's interest in Brunei began with the arrival of James Brooke to Sarawak. Sarawak was then a province of Brunei since the 14th century.
Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin II was the Sultan of Brunei during this period. He was worried about the rebellions, piracy and his quarreling nobles.
A British adventurer, James Brooke, decided to help the Sultan in 1839.
At first, James Brooke helped the Sultan but soon, he attacked Brunei too. He took advantage of the internal quarrels between the nobles in the Brunei Kingdom to create his own kingdom in Sarawak.
The Brooke family came to rule Sarawak. Many Brunei territories were lost to the Brooke family.
In 1878, a British merchant founded a trading company, known as the British North Borneo Company. The company was able to rent and acquire many territories in North Borneo from the Sultan of Brunei. In 1881, England gave the North Borneo Company special permission to create a colony.
By the end of 19th century, Brunei lost many territories due to the expansionist activities of the Brooke family and the British North Borneo Company.
Sultan Abdul Momin who succeded Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin II in 1852, was worried about Brunei. He called for a meeting with his chiefs and made all of them take an oath not to give up any more land to foreigners in 1885. This agreement between the nobles and chiefs was called the Amanat.
The Sultan also signed a treaty with England in 1888 to get England to protect Brunei. Thus, Brunei became a British protectorate state (a state which is protected from enemies by a bigger and stronger state but it is still able to control its own well-beings).
England: Brunei was under my rule.
🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼
However, the troubles still continued resulting in the loss of more Brunei territories.
Psssttt....adapted from Social Studies year 5 textbook.
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