Essays

North or South: Who Killed Reconstruction?

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This was my history final for the end of this school year.

       The Civil War was a bloody time for America and we were in shambles. We needed to regroup and rebuild. This period after the Civil War is called Reconstruction. During this twelve-year period, many sought to mend the bonds between the Union and former Confederates but also address the problem of slavery and the effects of allowing them freedom and rights. However, Reconstruction died, it was killed, but who held the knife, the North or the South? They both had a joined effort in this murder, but who was more responsible? The South didn't want to change. While the North, overtime, ignored problems in the South and focused on other things. They abandoned Reconstruction, clinging onto life. Whether it was because they refused to change or because they were more worried about their economic hardships, they killed it; but who drove the final blow?

      During the time after the Civil War, the South resisted change. They did this because they wanted to keep a white government and because they didn't want freedmen, former slaves, to have power. Secret societies were formed to complete this and other agendas, one of the most infamous being the Ku Klux Klan, also known as the KKK. This group went to extreme measures to accomplish their goals, "He was foully murdered by the Ku-Klux... stabbed five or six times, and then hanged on a hook in the Grand Jury room,"(Document A). The KKK killed and mutilated many people to complete their goals. Also, a graphic, published in Harper's Weekly journal, depicts an African American man at gunpoint from two white men in front of a voting box(Document B). It shows how African Americans were sometimes threatened to vote for the people that white men wanted in office. In the background, it also shows white men waiting for the African American man to vote, and outside of the building, it shows two more white men bringing in another African American man for the same treatment. No one was there to stop this treatment towards African Americans. No one was there to protect them and their rights because the North ignored the unjust behavior in the South.

      After the war, the North attempted to continue Reconstruction, but through time and distractions, they lost focus on their original goal. They ignored the injustices in the South because of other crises during that time. In the late half of Reconstruction, "Northern voters grew indifferent to the events in the South"(Document C). People in the North ignored and ended up not caring about the problems in the South. During this time, "many Northern voters shifted their attention to such national concerns as the Panic of 1873..."(Document C). As more problems occurred, Northerners pushed back the original problem in the South. The North ignored the South and everyone getting hurt there,

      The time of Reconstruction was killed by the North and South. Northerners neglected to realize issues in the South and Southerners resisted change. I believe that the South was the one with the metaphorical and literal blood on their hands. Many people were "foully murdered by the Ku-Klux,"(Document A) and other secret groups with horrible agendas. Many feared they would be "one of the next victims,"(Document A) where they could possibly be "whipped... [for] hours... and left... for dead"(Document B). The crime of killing Reconstruction occurred because of both the North and South, but the South was the one who drove the final blow.

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