jihad means to strive or struggle.
Muslim scholars have defined Jihad in 2 parts - lesser jihad and greater jihad.
lesser jihad refers to the fighting in defens of homeland, religion, oppression under fixed conditions and a set of rules such as: cannot kill women, children, sick, elderyl civilians, worshippers; cannot destroy towns; cannot cut down trees; cannot use fire to destroy the land.
"fight in the cause of Allah only against those who wage war against you, but do not exceed the limits. Allah does not like those who overstep the limits." [Qur'an 2:190]
greater jihad refers to the struggles against your own ego, greed, lust, arrogance, anger, and jealousy. it is a never ending battle/struggle with yourself under all conditions. thus, when we attempt to bring light and love where we are met with darkness and hatred, that is jihad.
source:
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1000 days of Da'wah (pt 1)
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