Learn Korean (eng) (grammar & voc)

많다 & 도

To be a lot of: 많다

A good way to practice your understanding of how adjectives can be used to describe a noun in a sentence or to predicate an entire sentence is to apply your knowledge to the word "많다."
많다 is an adjective that describes that there is "many' or "a lot" of something. Its translation to English usually depends on how it is used in a sentence. For example, when used to describe nouns in a sentence, it can be used in the following way:

나는 많은 음식을 먹다 = I eat a lot of food
↘(나는 많은 음식을 먹어 / 저는 많은 음식을 먹어요)

나는 많은 돈이 있다 = I have a lot of money
↘(나는 많은 돈이 있어 / 저는 많은 돈이 있어요)

나는 많은 아내가 있다 = I have a lot of wives (ha!)
↘(나는 많은 아내가 있어 / 저는 많은 아내가 있어요)

Now, if we use "많다" to predicate a sentence, it can be used like this:

사람이 많다

In your Korean studies, you need to realize that it is never effective to think of a Korean sentence as an exact translation in English. The fact is, Korean and English grammar are completely different, and trying to force the rules/structure of English into Korean is unnatural. If we stuck with the translation of "a lot of" for the meaning of "많다" and forced the English translation to the sentence "사람이 많다", we would get:

People are a lot of

... But that clearly is not accurate. Instead, what is the sentence "사람이 많다" describing?
It is describing that there is a lot of something, therefore, the translation should be:

사람이 많다 = there is a lot of people
↘(사람이 많아 / 사람이 많아요)

Therefore, when 많다 predicates a sentence, its translation is usually "There is/are a lot of...".
Here is another example:

음식이 많다 = there is a lot of food
↘(음식이 많아 / 음식이 많아요)

Of course, this can be applied to very complex sentences as well, but this is just the very beginning. Eventually, you will be able to make a sentence like:

There are a lot of singers who become famous and spend all of their money too quickly

This sentence as well would also end in "많다." The structure would basically be:

(singers who become famous and spend all of their money too quickly) 가 많다

You are still very far from understanding how complex sentences like that work, but I want to show you that the content you learned in this lesson brings you one step closer.
Also notice that the particles 이/가 are attached to the subjects in sentences ending with "많다." There are some words where the use of the particles 이/가 on the subject of the sentence is more natural than the use of 는/은.
많다 is one of these words.
I will continue to tell you in which situations it is more natural to use 이/가 instead of 은/는.

Particle 도

도 is another particle that is very useful in Korean. It has the meaning of “too/as well.”
It can replace the subject particles (는/은) OR the object particles (를/을), depending on what you are saying “too” with. For example:

저도 한국어를 말하다 = I speak Korean as well (In addition to other people)
↘(나도 한국어를 말해 / 저도 한국어를 말해요)

which is different from:

저는 한국어도 말하다 = I speak Korean as well (in addition to other languages)
↘(나는 한국어도 말해 / 저는 한국어도 말해요)

Make sure you notice the difference between the previous two examples. In English these two are written the same, but sound different when speaking.
In the first example, you are emphasizing that YOU also speak Korean, in addition to other people that you are talking about.
In the second example, you are emphasizing that (in addition to other languages), you also speak Korean.
See the two examples below for the same issue:

저도 사과를 먹다 = I eat apples as well
↘(나도 사과를 먹어 / 저도 사과를 먹어요)

저는 사과도 먹다 = I eat apples as well
↘(나는 사과도 먹어 / 저는 사과도 먹어요)

Notice the difference in pronunciation in English. The first one has the meaning of “other people eat some apples, but I too eat some apples.”
The second example has the meaning of “I eat some other food as well, but I also eat
apples.”
It is important to recognize that whatever noun "도" is attached to (the subject or object) is the thing that is being expressed as "too."
More examples:

나도 그것을 알다 = I know that, too
↘(나도 그것을 알아 / 저도 그것을 알아요)

나도 피곤하다 = I am tired, too
↘(나도 피곤해 / 저도 피곤해요)

나의 딸도 행복하다 = My daughter is happy, too
↘(나의 딸도 행복해 / 저의 딸도 행복해요)

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Yup that's it..I didn't take really long right...well I'm posting this earlier than I expected...because..
THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR 1K VIEWS😊I didn't expect to get this far...I hope you're all enjoying😊thank you for reading
사랑해요❤❤

-Lia