Learn Korean (eng) (grammar & voc)

adverbs: when, where, how much, in what degree

Nouns:

기계 = machine
대학교 = college, university
트럭 = truck
검은색 = (the color) black
흰색 = (the color) white
음료수 = beverage, drink
외국 = foreign country
외국인 = foreigner
고등학교 = high school
도서관 = library

Verbs:

놀다 = to play
쓰다 = to use
쓰다 = to write
실수하다 = to make a mistake
수리하다 = to repair
잡다 = to catch, to grab, to grasp
읽다 = to read
내다 = to pay for
받다 = to get, to receive, to acquire
도착하다 = to arrive
여행하다 = to travel

Adjectives:

젊다 = to be young
늙다 = to be old
나이가 많다 = to be old
완벽하다 = to be perfect
아프다 = to be sick, to be sore
똑똑하다 = to be smart
중요하다 = to be important
나쁘다 = to be bad

Adverbs and Other Words:

즉시 = immediately
바로 = immediately
빨리 = quickly/fast
자주 = often
가끔 = sometimes
많이 = many/a lot of
방금 = a moment ago
곳 = place
동시에 = same time
밤 = night
어젯밤 = last night
갑자기 = suddenly
매년 = every year
다시 = again
혼자 = alone
낮 = daytime
동 = East
남 = South
서 = West
북 = North

Korean Adverbs

First of all, what is an adverb? Adverbs are
words in sentences that tell you when, where, or to what degree something is being done.

When: I went to work on Tuesday
Where: I am inside the house
Degree: I opened the door quickly

When and Where

Anytime you put a word in a sentence that indicates when or where something is taking place, you must add the particle 에 to the end of that word. Keep in mind, however, that 에 is not the only particle that can go at the end of words of position or time. There are other particles that can go at the end of these words to indicate from when/where something occurred, until when/where, etc. For now, though, let’s just talk about 에.
This is very important. Even though all places (park, house, hospital, school, office, room, kitchen, etc) are also nouns, when they are being talked about as a place, the particle 에 must be attached to them. Notice the difference between the following two sentences:

저는 병원을 지었어요 = I built a hospital
저는 병원에 갔어요 = I went to the/a hospital

In the first sentence, “hospital” is the thing in which you are building – so it is an object, which requires you to use the 을/를 particle.
In the second sentence, the hospital is the place in which you went to – so it is a place, which requires it to have the 에 particle.
However, if you wanted to say where you built that hospital, you could say this:

저는 병원을 공원 옆에 지었어요 = I built a hospital beside the park

In addition to this, any word that indicates when something is taking place, needs have the Korean particle 에 attached to it. For example:

저는 화요일에 가겠어요 = I will go on Tuesday

저는 저녁에 공부했어요 = I studied in the evening

저는가을에 공원 옆에 병원을 지었어요 = I built a hospital beside the park in the fall

The best part about Korean adverbs is that they can essentially be placed at any place in the sentence. The only place they cannot be placed is at the end of the sentence - because a sentence must always end in an adjective or verb. They could even be placed at the beginning of a sentence: