KOREAN

42

Vocabulary

Nouns:

찰과상 = abrasion/scratch

레인 = lane

뼈 = bone

뼈마디 = joints

도매 = wholesale

소매 = retailer

사인 = autograph

뇌 = brain

집안 = inside the house

배경 = background

복권 = lottery ticket

시간표 = timetable

사막 = desert

곤충 = bug/insect

Verbs:

버티다 = endure (pain, etc...)

견디다 = endure/bear

다하다 = to do everything/to finish

응원하다 = aid/assist/moral support

응시하다= gaze/look

짐작(하다) = guess

죽이다 = kill

감다 = bathe/wash hair

Adjectives:

예의가 바르다 = polite/honest

얕다 = shallow

Adverbs and Other Words:

어쨌든 = at any rate/in any case/anyways

깊이 = depth/deepness

겨우 = barely/hardly/narrowly

가짜 = fake

하루에 = per day

다행히 = fortunately

For help memorizing these words, try using our Memrise tool.

Introduction

In this lesson, you will learn a very common grammatical concept. When using this concept, you will almost always use the particles ~이/가 instead of ~는/은. We distinguished the difference between ~이/가 and ~는/은 way back in Lesson 2. In that lesson, you were taught the following sentence:

When my mother ate a hotdog, I ate a hamburger

I showed you this sentence because I wanted to make a distinction between a main and secondary clauses in Korean. In that sentence, "I ate a hamburger" is the main clause, and "When my mother ate a hotdog" is the secondary clause that tells you when you ate the hamburger. Remember, when you have a subject in a clause that is not the main clause of a sentence, you must add ~이/가 to that subject.

Okay, you know that.

What you don't know is how to actually say things like:

When my mother ate a hotdog...

When I was in Korea...

When I go to Korea...

.

When I... ~ㄹ 때

If you ever want to express "When I...." you can add ~ㄹ/을 때 to the stem of a verb/adjective at the end of clause. ~을 gets added to stems ending in a consonant, and ~~ㄹgets added directly to stems ending in a vowel. This form isn't usually used in the present tense. It is usually used to describe when you did something in the past: