KOREAN

43

ocabulary

Nouns:

장거리 = long distance

콜라 = Cola

과학자 = scientist

기술 = technique (also technology)

신호 = sign/signal

날개 = wing

가지 = eggplant

고추 = hot pepper

신부 = bride

교훈 = 'lesson' 'moral'

버릇 = habit

햇살 = the rays of the sun

빨래 = laundry

이슬 = dew

비바람 = rainstorm

습도 = humidity

Verbs:

존경하다 = respect

기초하다 = based on

보존하다 = preserve/conserve(ation)

기도하다 = pray

대접하다 = serve also 'treat'

Adjectives:

부자연스럽다 = unnatural

균등하다 = even(ly) ( when distributing)

어색하다 = awkward

낯설다 = unfamiliar

수상하다 = suspicious

Adverbs and Other Words:

만약 = put in sentences with "if"

진정하세요 = calm down

어떡하지? = what am I going to do?

양쪽 = both sides

For help memorizing these words, try using our Memrise tool.

Introduction

In the previous lesson, you learned how to make sentences like "when I eat" by adding ~ㄹ/을 때 to words. You can create a similar meaning with the use of ~(으)면, which you will learn in this lesson. Let's get started.

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When/If... ~(으)면

By adding ~(으)면 to the end of verbs/adjectives, you can create the meaning of "when..." as described in the previous lesson with ~ㄹ/을 때. ~으면 gets added to stems ending in a consonant, and ~면 gets added to stems ending in vowel. The meaning is very similar, if not identical to ~ㄹ/을 때. For example:

내가 공부를 하면 엄마는 TV를 끈다 = When I study, my mother turns off the TV

내가 TV를 보면 엄마는 싫어한다 = When I watch TV, my mother doesn't like it

The confusing thing about ~(으)면 is that it also has the meaning of "if..." This sounds crazy, because technically in English "When I...." and "If I..." seem to have distinct meanings. However, if you look at the two sentences side by side, they actually have very similar meanings. Look at these:

내가 공부를 하면 엄마는 TV를 끈다 = When I study, my mother turns off the TV

내가 공부를 하면 엄마는 TV를 끈다 = If I study, my mother turns off the TV

내가 TV를 보면 엄마는 싫어한다 = When I watch TV, my mother doesn't like it

내가 TV를 보면 엄마는 싫어한다 = If I watch TV, my mother doesn't like it