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KOREAN

Non-Fiction

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48

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by SheWasLikeTheMoon

by SheWasLikeTheMoon

Vocabulary

Nouns:

정원 = garden

새끼 = baby animals

어미 = mother for animals

반값 = half price

승패 = victory/defeat (outcome)

개별 = individual/ly

건축 = architecture

건축가 = architect

강가 = area around the river

막내 = youngest person in the family

마법사 = witch

동굴 = cave

보석 = treasure (rubies and diamonds)

수레 = cart

태풍 = typhoon

박람회 = a fair/exhibition

호수 = lake

호숫가 = area around the lake

Verbs:

구입하다 = purchase

교환하다 = exchange

면담하다 = face to face talk

미루다 = delay

안다 = hug

Adjectives:

달콤하다 = sweet (in a cute way)

창피하다 = ashamed

급하다 = urgent

Adverbs and Other Words:

미리 = in advance/beforehand

일대일(로) = one on one

정기적으로 = regularly

급히 = urgently

For help memorizing these words, try using our Memrise tool.

Introduction

In this lesson, you will learn three common sentence endings that will allow you to speak Korean with more fluency. All three of these endings are fairly simple to use, and have simple meanings, but their meanings are less important than the grammar that you have learned thus far. Thus, I waited until Lesson 48 to introduce them to you. In addition, as I continually told you as you were working your way through the earlier lessons - because the grammar you have been leaning to this point has been so difficult, it paved the way for you to make learning future grammar (like the concepts in this lesson) much easier.

Anyways, enough nonsense. In this lesson, you will learn about ~자 and ~ㅂ/읍시다, which are two common endings that you can use in similar situations. In addition, you will learn how to use ~ㄹ래(요) which has a similar meaning to ~자 and ~ㅂ/읍시다. Let's get started.

Let's...: ~자 and ~ㅂ/읍시다

By adding ~자 to the stem of a word at the end of a sentence, you can create the meaning of "Let's ______." It is a very easy ending to learn because (by the nature of the meaning) it is always added to words in the present tense and no irregulars are affected by it's usage. ~자 gets added to stems ending in consonants and vowels. For example:

밥을 먹자! = Let's eat!

내일 공원에 가자! = Tomorrow, let's go to the park!

If you want to say "Let's not do something" you should attach ~자 to ~지 말다, which you learned in Lesson 40. Remember, if you wanted to say "don't' go," you should say:

가지 말다 = Don't go,

which is usually conjugated in any of the following ways:

가지 마, or 가지 마라, or 가지 마세요

However, if you wanted to say "let's not go," you simply add ~자 to 말다. For example:

내일 공원에 가지 말자 = Lets not go to the park tomorrow

우리 애기를 위해 그 것을 사지 말자 = Lets not buy that for our baby

Another way to create this same meaning is to add ~ㅂ/읍시다 instead of ~자. ~읍시다 gets added to stems ending in a consonant, and ~ㅂ시다 gets added directly to stems ending in a vowel. For example:

밥을 먹읍시다! = Let's eat!

내일 공원에 갑시다! = Tomorrow, let's go to the park!

The thing that you have to be aware of is that there are no formal ways to say these. Therefore, you should never use these forms when talking to somebody who is older than you or your superior (or anybody that you would use honorifics with). If you want to say something like "let's eat!" to your superior, you would have to do something like this:

같이 먹고 싶습니까? = Do you want to eat together?...

...or something along those lines.

Some people might tell you that ~ㅂ/읍시다 is the formal version of "~자" and can be used when speaking to elders. However, while "ㅂ/읍시다" may be slightly more formal than "~자," I have personally offended some people by trying this out. I do not suggest doing it.

There is another ending, however, that you can use to say something similar to "lets..." that allows you to add a formal ending to it. We will learn about this next.

Shall we: ~ㄹ래(요)

By adding ~ㄹ/을래(요) to the stem of words at the end of sentences, you can create the meaning of "shall we...?" ~을래(요) gets added to stems ending in a consonant, and ~ㄹ래(요) gets attached directly to stems ending in a vowel. For example:

내일 공부하러 독서실에 갈래요? = Shall we go to the library tomorrow to study?

서울에 있는 공연에 보러 갈래요? = Shall we go to the show in Seoul?

As you can see, unlike ~자 and ~ㅂ/읍시다, you can make these sentences formal by adding "요" to the end of ~ㄹ/을래." Also, although not many people in English actually say "Shall we...," this is the most common translation for "ㄹ/을래요". The following two translations would also be perfectly acceptable:

내일 공부하러 독서실에 갈래요? = Would you like to go the library with me tomorrow to study?

서울에 있는 공연에 갈래요? = Would you like to go to the show with me in Seoul?