Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun, and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System. In English, Mars carried a name of the Roman god of war, and is often referred to as the "Red Planet". Because the reddish iron oxide prevalent on its surface, this gave it a reddish appearance. Mars is a terrestrial planet with a thin atmosphere that is 96% carbon dioxide. Having surface features reminiscent both of the impact craters of the Moon and the valleys, deserts, and polar ice caps of Earth.
One of the reasons why we cannot live in Mars, is because it lacks of water. Water doesn't exist in the surface of Mars, due to an extremely low atmospheric pressure (less than 1% of the Earth's). Mars is also a harshly cold world. Compared to Earth, it is much colder in Mars. Because it is more father from the Sun.
Can we live in Mars? Yes!
Because of advance human technology, we could warm up Mars. We could warm it up by greenhouse gasses. By adding greenhouse gasses to the atmosphere of Mars, it would ward off harmful ionizing radiation. And such atmosphere would allow less heat to escape, it means warmer temperature. Carbon dioxide is also a natural greenhouse gas. As it builds up in the atmosphere, more and more heat could be trapped, which will intern to cause more C02 to out gas. The process will become automatic and as the atmosphere thickens, Mars will eventually reach a state of equilibrium and stay warm naturally.
The identified two ice caps appear to be large amounts of water. Once we get to warm up the planet, the volume of water ice in the south polar ice cap would melt, and would be sufficient to cover the entire planetary surface to a depth of 11 meters. NASA reported finding a large amount of underground ice in the Utopia Planitia region of Mars. The volume of water detected has been estimated to be equivalent to the volume of water in Lake Superior. Now we have water in Mars!
What about the oxygen? Plants produces oxygen. For this planet to be breathable, plant life is the solution. But how are we suppose to plant, if there is no soil? There is actually soil in Mars called Martian soil, typically refers to the finer fraction of regolith. We can't grow organic plants in a regolith. On Earth, the term "soil" usually includes organic content. But the components of asteroids could build the soil we need. Yes, through asteroids.
We could live in Mars. Not immediately physically, but intellectually. What do I mean? Us humans couldn't survive a winter night without clothing and efficient use of fire. Us humans couldn't survive a storm without our houses. Us humans wouldn't have a house, or a habitat to live in, if we didn't created one. What I mean is, we could invent our ways to live and survive such hostile environment. We humans, are gifted. So transform Mars. Expand and spread life beyond Earth!
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