chapter 27

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Drunkyard Progress ", 1846 demonstrating how the habit of alcohol can induce suicide

Drug use is the second most common risk factor for suicide after major depression and bipolar disorder. 

Both long-term drug use and acute intoxication are related.  When they are combined with personal depression such as isolation, the risk is further increased.  In addition, drug abuse is related to mental health disorders.  Most people who commit suicide are under the influence of sedative hypnotic drugs, during suicide, with the presence of alcohol intoxication in 15% to 61% of cases. 

Countries where the rate of alcohol use is high and the density of alcohols are high in suicide rates. This combination is primarily related to the use of distilled sura and not the total alcohol use.   Alcohol addicts who have attempted suicide are typically male, elderly, and have previously attempted suicide.  There are 3 to 35% of deaths among those who use heroin have died due to suicide .

The misuse of cocaine has a high correlation between methamphetamine and suicide.

Those who use cocaine have significantly higher risk of withdrawal of this condition.    An increased propensity for suicide persists even after adjusting for depressive illness and excessive alcohol consumption.  In individuals with more than one medical condition, the risk was particularly high.   Sleep problems such as insomnia and sleep apnea are risk factors for depression and suicide.  In some cases sleep problems may be a risk factor different from depression. 

Many other medical conditions may present with symptoms of mood disorders, such as: hypothyroidism, Alzheimer's, brain tumors, systemic lupus erythematosus, and adverse effects of many medications (such as beta blockers and steroids).

Psychological states

Many psychological states increase the risk of suicide, including hopelessness, lack of enjoyment in life, depression, and anxiety.  Lack of ability to solve problems, loss of past tense abilities and impulse control also play a role in this. The perception of burden on others is also important in older adults. 

Recent life stresses such as losing a family member or a friend, losing a job, or social isolation (such as being alone) increase this risk.  People who are never married are also at higher risk.  Being religious reduces the risk of suicide for a person.  The reason for this is the negative attitude towards suicide in many religions and the jointness that comes from religion.

 

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