10 facts about gemstones

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1. The ancient Egyptians considered the green coloured gemstones to be very valuable and to bring luck to the person wearing them. Peridot and emerald were the two most favourite green stones of the people from the bygone era. It is believed that people often got confused between the two beautiful gemstones. Egyptian queen Cleopatra had her heart for the peridot. Though she loved emeralds which look quite similar, she always favoured the peridot.

2. While some believe that the garnet's name was derived actually derived from a word meaning "blood", the actual take is quite different. The blood red gemstone got its name from the pomegranate because the fruit has similar blood-red seeds inside. 

3.   Diamonds, which are considered to be a woman's best friend, scores rank for being the hardest and the strongest. The saying "only a diamond can cut a diamond" is absolutely true as a diamond is used to cut or scratch another diamond. Its harness makes diamond the perfect gemstone for everyday wear.

4.  Amber is considered to be the softest and lightest gemstone on the face of the earth. This beautiful gemstone is so light that it floats in salt water. The stone is the result of resin and sap from the fossilized prehistoric trees. Baltic amber, which is considered to be the strongest type of amber, is used for creating amber jewellery.

5. The agate gemstone is known for having natural stripes all over its body. The stone has a number of natural bands of colours stripped across the surface making it creative and unique. The stripes on the stone are because of the accumulation of minerals such as chalcedony or quartz.

6. While the Cullinan Diamond (3,106.75 carats) is considered to be the largest unpolished diamond, it is the Sergio that beats its rivals as the largest diamond ever found. The Sergio Diamond which is a black carbonado diamond was discovered in Brazil in 1893. The 3167-carat diamond is a true beauty to behold. The black diamonds are quite rare and there is still a lot of debate over their origins.

7. After diamonds, women favour pearls  the most. Did you know that it takes around 1 to 4 years for a pearl to come to fruition? Cultivating a pearl involves the plantation of a small bead (nucleus) within the mollusc, and it is left for at least 1 to 2 years to grow into a beautiful pearl.

8. Gemstones in blue and violet colour are quite attractive and when talking about coloured gemstones, the mesmerising tanzanite needs a special mention. This rare, blue/violet blue stone is very appealing and so is the story behind it. Adding to the uniqueness of the stone is its rarity – tanzanite is found in only one location in the world at Mt Kilimanjaro in Tanzania.

9. While all coloured diamonds are rare, the rarest of them all is the red diamond which is found in Brazil, Africa and Australia. Scientists reveal that only 20 to 30 rare diamonds have been discovered to date and most of them are less than half a carat.

10.  Diamond Crater National Park, Arkansas gives you the chance to dig for diamonds.

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