BELLONA
Bellona is the Roman goddess of war. Unlike many of the other Roman gods, she didn't come from Greek mythology, she is entirely Roman. She may have come from the cult figure Nerio, consort of Mars and ancient Sabine goddess of war. However, some people identify her as the Roman version of Enyo, the greek goddess of war.
She is the daughter of Jupiter and Juno, and sister to Juventas, Vulcan, Discordia, Lucina and Mars, who is also seen as his consort.
Her title is goddess of war, destruction, conquest and bloodlust, and her symbols are a military helmet and a torch. She is often depicted in a four-horse chariot, holding a sword, spear or shield in one hand; and a whip or a torch in the other one.
Her priests were known as Bellonarii, and her temple was located in the Roman Campus Martius area. The Bellonarii used to harm themselves in their arms or legs and sprink their blood on the spectators during rites, in form of a sacrifice to the goddess. These fanatical rites are called dies sanguinis.
These rituals were similar to the ones made for Cybele, the Anatolian mother goddess. The Romans knew Cybele as the Magna Mater (great mother), and Bellona was considered an equivalent to her. As a result, Bellona gained importance and was very popular, and she reached an equal status of importance as Mars.
G l o s s a r y
Dies sanguinis; day of blood
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