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Vlad III is known as Vlad Țepeș (or Vlad the Impaler) in Romanian historiography. This sobriquet is connected to the impalement that was his favorite method of execution. The Ottoman writer Tursun Beg referred to him as Kazıklı Voyvoda (Impaler Lord) around 1500.
December 17, 2018
VLAD THE IMPALER. THE MEANING OF DRACULA
FACTS
Vlad III's surname "Drǎculea" means "son of the dragon." It comes from his father's title "Dracul," which, in turn, came from his membership in the Order of the Dragon. A chivalric order founded by the Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund (February 14, 1368 - December 9, 1437) in 1408, its mission was to fight "the enemies of Christianity," specifically the Ottoman Empire. Vlad II was inducted into the order in 1431, sometime after the birth of his son, Vlad III. The title was hereditary, and some sources say Vlad III was also inducted into the Order as a child. It was a name Vlad III embraced; we have several official documents he signed as "Drakulya." Translations and transliterations of the name over time eventually evolved into the familiar "Dracula."
While the Order of the Dragon is the source of Vlad III's surname, the term has additional definitions. In the Middle Ages, the word "dracul" meant "dragon," deriving from the Latin word "draco." In Romanian, the term can have powerful dark connotations; whether these were known and the play on words emphasized by Vlad III or not, we do not know-it may simply be an interesting coincidence. For instance, in modern Romanian, the word "dracul" means "devil" or "demon," and in old Romanian word "drac" means "serpent."
The name Vlad the Impaler, or Vlad Ţepeş in Romanian, was given to him after his death, referring to his preferred method of execution-impalement. It first appeared in a pamphlet publication from 1499. This pamphlet and the many editions that followed were best-sellers, full of horrific stories about his cruelty and the vast numbers of people he dispatched. In 1500, the Ottoman writer Tursun Beg called him "Kazikli Voyvoda," which in Turkish means "Impaler Prince" or "Impaler Lord." The pamphlets also refer to him using the name "Dracula."
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