💭 How Do Memories Form 💭

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Blog By: BluandPenguino

There are many factors that affect the encoding of memories

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There are many factors that affect the encoding of memories. Even after a
memory is established, it can take up to two years for it to become more
permanent!

Step 1 = Attention (lasts 0.2 seconds):

When you focus on a particular event, the memory is solidified. This is because the hypothalamus begins to activate the neurons within the brain more intensely whilst the frontal lobe ensures the individual does not get distracted.

Step 2 = Emotion and Sensation:

This step is made up of two sub-steps that work alongside each other; emotion (2A) and sensation (2B).

Step 2A = Emotion (lasts 0.25 seconds):

Moments of high emotion are more likely to become memories because of the attention they receive from the individual. This makes them more likely to be encoded within the individual’s mind. Once an individual experiences an emotional response to a particular stimuli, it is processed within the amygdala.

Step 2B = Sensation (lasts 0.2 –0.5 seconds):

Sensory stimuli play a massive part in the majority of experiences an
individual lives through. When the sensory stimuli is at its highest, it increases the chance of the individual being able to recall it. When sensory information is seen, sensory cortices send signals to the hippocampus in order to process it.

Step 3 = Working Memory (lasts 0.5 seconds  - 10 minutes):

Short term memory, (STM), stores
information until the individual requires it. This form of memory is kept active by two neural circuits. These circuits ensure that the sensory cortices and frontal lobes are incorporated into memory
processing.

Step 4 = Hippocampal Processing (lasts from 10 minutes –2 years):

The Hippocampus is where important information is processed and encoded. Once it is successfully encoded, it can be sent back to the brain area that first recorded the memory. How often it is recalled and revised by the individual decides how long it is kept here and whether it moves to the next stage.

Step 5 = Consolidation (can last from 2 years – a lifetime):

The neural firing patterns that ensure experiences are encoded continue to
move around from the hippocampus to the cortex (when it is recalled often). This consolidates the memory.

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