Basic Grammar ala Kampung Inggris

7b.2. Lanjutan Article 'the'

2. Penghilangan 'the'

A. sebelum nama orang atau nama-nama tempat kecuali yang telah disebutkan sebelumnya (bab 7b.1)

B. sebelum abstract noun kecuali jika abstract noun tersebut digunakan dalam pengertian tertentu (memiliki makna khusus);

- Men fear death. (memiliki makna umum)

- The death of prime minister left his party without a leader. (memiliki makna khusus)

C. setelah noun yang menjadi possessive adjective dan juga dalam possessive adjective;

- The boy's uncle = the uncle of the boy

- It is my book = it is the book of mine

D. sebelum nama makanan, kecuali jika sebelum makanan tersebut didahului oleh adjective;

- The Smiths have porridge for breakfast.

- The wedding breakfast was held in her father's houuse.

E. sebelum nama permainan; He plays golf.

F. sebelum noun yang terdiri dari bagian-bagian tubuh dan barang-barang berupa pakaian karena noun tersebut biasanya menggunakan possessive adjective;

- Raise your right hand!

- He took off his coat.

G. sebelum indefinite plural noun;

- Women are expected to like babies. (wanita secara umum, jika the diletakkan sebelum women, maka women tersebut mengacu pada kelompok tertentu )

- Big hotels all over the world are very much the same.

H. sebelum kata 'nature' (alam) yang mengacu pada dunia hewan dan tumbuh-tumbuhan; - If you interfere with nature you will suffer for it.

I. sebelum kata 'home' namun jika kata 'home' diikuti modifier, maka kata 'home' diperlakukan seperti noun lainnya;

- He is at home.

- I went home.

- They went to their new home.

- A mud hut was the only home he had ever known.

J. sebelum kata 'bed', 'mosque/ church' (tempat-tempat ibadah), 'court', 'hospital', 'school/college/university' ketika noun tersebut digunakan sebagaimana fungsinya (sesuai tujuan utamanya);

- We go to bed to sleep.

- We go to church to pray.

- We go to hospital as patient.

- We go to school/college/university to study.

Namun, jika noun tersebut tidak digunakan sebagaimana mestinya, maka harus diikuti 'the'

- He went to the church to see the stained glass.

- He goes to the prison sometimes to give lecturers.

K. sebelum kata 'sea'

- We go to sea as sailors. (sebagai pelaut)

- We are at sea. = We are on a voyage (sebagai penumpang atau crew.)

berbeda dengan

- We go to the sea. = We go to the seaside.

- We are at the sea. = We live by/ near the sea.

L. sebelum kata 'work' (tempat kerja)*

- He is on his way to work.

- He isn't back from work yet.

- He is at work. (at work juga bisa memiliki makna bekerja (working)

*jika 'tempat kerja' menggunakan 'office' maka didahului oleh 'the'

- He is at the office atau He is in the office.

*jika 'office' tidak didahului 'the' maka kata tersebut memiliki arti 'memegang posisi resmi (biasanya dalam politik)

- He is out of office. = He is no longer in power.

M. 'the' bisa dihilangkan ketika berbicara tentang kotanya (town) sang pembicara/ subjective

- We go to town sometimes to buy clothes.

- We were in town last Monday.