Basic Grammar ala Kampung Inggris

16. Simple Present & Present Continuous

Yuhuuu.... kita mulai deh pembahasan mengenai penggunaan tenses. Kita bahas mulai dari dunia present dulu yak. Ada Simple Present dan Present Continuous. Yuk cekidot.

Simple Present

A. Rumus Active Voice

(+) S + V1/ V1+s/es (+O + Adv.)

(-) S + do/ does + not + V1 (+O + Adv.)

(?) Do/ Does + S + V1 (+O + Adv.)?

(-?) Do/ Does + S + not + V1 (+O + Adv.)? >> formal

Don't/ Doesn't + S + V1 (+O + Adv.)? >> informal

e.g.:

(+) Amanda washes her clothes every morning.

>> singular subject + singular verb

(-) Amanda does not wash her clothes every morning.

>> karena ada auxiliary verb berupa 'does' maka ordinary verb setelah 'not' harus berbentuk V1.

(?) Does Amanda wash her clothes every morning?

(-?) Does Amanda not wash her clothes every morning?

Doesn't Amanda wash her clothes every morning?

B. Rumus Nominal Sentence

(+) S + is/ am/ are + ANA

(-) S + is/ am/ are + not + ANA

(?) Is/ am/ are + S + ANA?

(-?) Is/ am/ are + S + not + ANA? >> formal

Isn't/ Aren't + S + ANA? >> informal

e.g.:

(+) He is a doctor.

(-) He is not a doctor.

(?) Is he a doctor?

(-?) Is he not a doctor?

Isn't he a doctor?

C. Time Signal (keterangan waktu) dalam Simple Present disebut dengan Adverb of Frequency:

- usually, generally, habitually, as a rule, normally: biasanya

- every..... (bisa diisi dengan; morning, day, week, month, year, etc.): setiap....

- once a week: 1 kali seminggu

- twice a year: 2 kali setahun

- always: selalu

- seldom: jarang

- rarely: sangat jarang

- often, frequently: sering

- never: tidak pernah

- sometimes, occasionally: kadang - kadang

D. Fungsi Simple Present

1. Menyatakan habitual action/ kegiatan yang berulang-ulang dan menjadi kebiasaan

e.g.:

- I get up at 4 o'clock every day.

- Our classes begin at seven.

- They go fishing once a week.

2. Menyatakan general truth/ kebenaran umum

e.g.: