Certainly! Below is the exact text extracted from the module:
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Define Terms:
1. Biodiversity: The variety of the earth’s species, the genes they contain, the ecosystems in which they live, and the ecosystem processes such as energy flow and nutrient cycling that sustain all life.
2. Evolution: Theory in biology postulating that the various types of plants, animals, and other living things on Earth have their origin in other preexisting types and that the distinguishable differences are due to modifications in successive generations.
3. Natural Selection: The mechanism that Darwin proposed for evolution. Because resources are limited in nature, organisms with heritable traits that favor survival and reproduction will tend to leave more offspring than their peers, causing the traits to increase in frequency over generations.
4. Species: A population or group of populations whose members share characteristics.
5. Population: A group of individuals of the same species interacting within the same space.
6. Extinction: The dying out of a species.
7. Speciation: Occurs when a group within a species separates from other members of its species and develops its own unique characteristics. The demands of a different environment or the characteristics of the members of the new group will differentiate the new species from their ancestors. One species splits into two or more species that can no longer breed and produce fertile offspring.
8. Symbiosis: A close, prolonged association between two or more different biological species.
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Why Is Biodiversity So Important?
The biodiversity found in genes, species, ecosystems, and ecosystem processes is vital to sustaining life on Earth.
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Biodiversity Components:
1. Species Diversity: The number and variety of the species present in any biological community is the most obvious component of biodiversity.
2. Genetic Diversity: Refers to the range of different inherited traits within a species. In a species with high genetic diversity, there would be many individuals with a wide variety of different traits. Genetic diversity is critical for a population to adapt to changing environments.
3. Ecological Diversity: Biomes are distinct climate zones with certain species, especially vegetation. A biome is an area classified according to the species that live in that location. Temperature range, soil type, and the amount of light and water are unique to a particular place and form niches for specific species.
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How Does Earth’s Life Change Over Time?
The scientific theory of evolution explains how life on Earth changes over time through changes in the genes of populations. Populations evolve when genes mutate and give some individuals genetic traits that enhance their abilities to survive and to produce offspring with these traits (natural selection).
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Evolution Through Natural Selection Summarized:
Genes mutate, individuals are selected, and populations evolve such that they are better adapted to survive and reproduce under existing environmental conditions.
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Adaptation Through Natural Selection Has Limits:
1. Humans are unlikely to evolve and have skin that’s not harmed by UV radiation.
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BSED Major in Social Studies 2
Non-FictionThese materials provide lecture notes, quizzes, and resources for BSED Social Studies students, covering key topics such as history, geography, economics, and political science. Marjhon Mascardo shares a personal note, reflecting on his college jour...
